| Straw bio-reactor landfill technology can increase the yields of vegetables,improve the quality and get less pollution by decomposing straw and stalks into CO2,heat energy,spores against diseases and nutriments for vegetables growth.Cucumber(Cucumis sativus)is one of the main varieties of vegetables cultivation in the greenhouse in the north of china and plays a very important position in the daily production and consumption.During the overwinter cultivation in greenhouse,Cucumber often suffers chilling damage and carbon dioxide,resulting in the decline in yield and quality of cucumber.The application of straw bio-reactor landfill technology on vegetable overwinter cultivation could effetely improve the condition of vegetable.This paper studies the application of straw bio-reactor technology in Cucumber in winter in order to solve the problem of greenhouse cucumber cultivation in winter.First,the experiment was conducted to investigate and screen the optimal microbial strain for the growth and yield of cucumber in the greenhouse,by comparing the domestic common strain effect of straw bio-reactor landfill tecnology.Secondly,a comparative study of four different ways of straw bio-reactor technology was done to select a suitable method in cucumber in greenhouse.Third,the experiment was further studied on the application effect of this technique in Cucumber,using commonly used in the production Interline built-in straw bio reactor technology,including plant growth.The following are the major results:1.Seven kinds of strains could differently enhanced soil temperature in greenhouse,the effect of Shiming biological reactor strain 001 and Straw bioreactor landfill degradation of special microbial strain are better than others,raised the soil temperature in the greenhouse by 3.3,3.1℃,respectively.Z1 raised the soil temperature in the greenhouse by 2.4℃,secondly.compared with control.Strain can all effectively promote the straw decomposition,the effect of Shiming biological reactor strain 001 and Straw bioreactor landfill degradation of special microbial strain was the best amongseven kinds of strains.2.Application of different methods of straw bio-reactor landfill technology all can improve the air temperature in greenhouse and 10cm soil temperature,Line built in straw bio-reactor、interline built-in straw bio-reactor、outer+interline built-in straw bio-reactor have the best increase effect for these.The air temperature increased by2.0 ℃、1.9℃ and 1.9℃,respectively,the 10cm soil temperature increased by3.0℃、2.8℃ and 2.9℃,However,single application of external straw bio-reactor landfill technology has little effect on greenhouse air temperature.3.Straw bioreactor landfill technology raise CO2 concentration obviously in greenhouse,Application of outer+interline built-in straw bio-reactor technology showed the best result among 4 kinds of straw bio-reactor landfill technology,CO2 concentration were increased by 160.0%and 170.8%before ventilation and after exposing the curtain,compared with the control.The second is the external.CO2 concentration in greenhouse with straw bio-reactor landfill technology between the lines and interlines showed similar result,while CO2 concentration in greenhouse was higher than the control.4.Application of straw bio-reactor landfill technology significantly enhanced the growth and development of cucumber in greenhouse.Application of outer+interline built-in straw bio-reactor technology in greenhouse showed the best result among 4 kinds of straw bioreactor landfill.Compared with the control,plant height and stem diameter of cucumber were higher 13.8cm and 1.1mm,respectively.After application of straw bioreactor technology,Yield of cucumber production increased compared with the control,the yield of application of straw bio-reactor landfill technology between the lines,interlines and outer+interline of greenhouse was increased by 22.2%、24.5%and 34.6%respectively.Compared with the control,the time for marketing of cucumber was earlier 5-8 days in advance,and application of interline built-in straw bio-reactor between the lines in greenhouse showed the best result among 4 kinds of straw bioreactor landfill.5.After application different ways of straw bio-reactor landfill technology in greenhouse,the incidence of disease of cucumber was significantly reduced,showing lower powdery mildew and downy mildew of cucumber,in addition to the external straw bio-reactor.The disease index of powdery mildew and downy mildew was 27.2 and 31.5,respectively in the controls.The disease index of powdery mildew and downy mildew was 22.5 and 24.1,respectively in greenhouse with straw bio-reactor technology under the lines and they were decreased by4.7%and7.4%compare the control.After application straw reactor technology in greenhouse under the interlines,the disease index of powdery mildew and downy mildew was also lower than the controls.6.Interline built-in straw bio-reactor technology promoted the growth of cucumber,showing a significant increase in plant height,stem diameter,leaf number and leaf area of cucumber,compared with the control.Plant height,stalk diameter and leaf area of cucumber increased by 5.3%,21.3%and 4.5%respectively.Compared with the control,chlorophyll content was also significantly increased by 3.3%,compared to control.After using the interline built-in straw bio-reactor technology,leaf net photosynthetic rate of cucumber are significantly higher than the control.Leaf net photosynthetic rate rise faster the control in the morning 9:00-11:00.7.Interline built-in straw bio-reactor technology promoted the fruit growth and development of cucumber,showing a significant increase in the fruit rate and the commodity rate,compared to the control.Using the interline built-in straw bio-reactor technology,the number of setting fruit of cucumber increased by 1.4,the commercial fruit rate increased by about 6%.Cucumber fruit weight,fruit number per plant and yield per plant were higher than those of the control.,the yield of cucumber was also increased by 22.35%.8.After the multi point experiments of crop in many years,I have drafted the built-in and outer straw bio-reactor technology specifications,which are suitable in Guanzhong region and Yanan in Shaanxi province.Among them,the standard of built-in straw bio-reactor technology,forming on the basis of above technology specification,has been published as the local standard in Shaanxi。The built-in straw bio-reactor technology mainly includes eight steps,for instance trenching、laying straw and scattering strain.And the outer straw bio-reactor technology has twelve steps,e.g.planning line、digging gas pool、feeding.At the same time,the correlation techniques,such as water、fruit density、straw curtain management also need to be changed to match straw bio-reactor technology. |
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