Research On The Corporate Income Tax Incentives To Promote Technological Innovation

China's technological innovation has made world-renowned achievements,and the highquality and sustained economic growth urgently requires the establishment of an independent innovation technology system.Corporate income tax incentives are an important public policy that encourages corporate technological innovation.This paper takes corporate income tax preferential policies as the core,and studies the effects and optimization of corporate income tax preferential policies.The thesis studies the effect of corporate income tax incentives on corporate technology innovation from four perspectives: theoretical model,empirical analysis of corporate income tax incentives,empirical analysis of corporate income tax incentives,and international comparisons.Chapter 2 studies the mechanism of corporate income tax preferences and technological innovation.On the basis of the endogenous economic growth model,government departments and households are introduced.The knowledge production function of the R&D department is produced through knowledge stock A and R&D investment R,and the return to scale remains unchanged.In the profit function of the R&D department,the super deduction ratio ? and the tax rate concession 1 are introduced.By solving the competitive equilibrium,it is found that super deductions and low tax rate concessions can effectively stimulate the increase of enterprise R&D investment and the growth of long-term economic growth rate.Chapter 4 uses the propensity score matching(PSM)method to study the effects of corporate income tax incentives and corporate technological innovation with the data of listed companies on the Shanghai and Shenzhen stock exchanges from 2009 to 2017.It is found that corporate income tax incentives can encourage enterprises to increase R&D investment by 17.85%,The total number of incentive patent applications increased by 45.18%,the increase in utility model patents was the most significant,and the increase in invention patents and design patents was not significant.A good intellectual property protection system can strengthen the incentive effect of corporate income tax incentives.Chapter 5 is divided into preferential methods of corporate income tax,studying the effect of preferential tax incentives,and found that preferential tax rates for high-tech enterprises can effectively encourage enterprises to increase R&D investment by 57.89%,andthe number of patent applications increases by 45%.Among them,invention patents increase by 110%,while utility model patents and design patent is not significant.It shows that high corporate tax rate concessions can significantly encourage enterprises to increase R&D investment and invention patents.The R&D super deduction policy can significantly encourage companies to increase R&D investment by 17%,and patent applications increase by 96%,of which invention patents increase by 73%,utility model patents increase by 135%,and design patents increase by 65%.It shows that the R&D super deduction can effectively stimulate the increase of R&D investment and patent applications.The accelerated depreciation policy of fixed assets encourages companies to increase R&D investment by 66%,and has a negative impact on the number of patent applications,reducing by 49%.Accelerated depreciation policies are not conducive to R&D output.The three types of policies are superimposed.In terms of R&D investment,R&D super deduction policy>hightech enterprise tax rate preferential>accelerated depreciation policy of fixed assets.When the high-tech enterprise tax rate preference and the super deduction policy are enjoyed at the same time,the effect will be weakened,and the effect of the accelerated depreciation policy will be negative.It is recommended to switch the R&D super deduction policy to a tax credit method without interference from the preferential tax rate.In terms of R&D output,preferential tax rates for high-tech enterprises and R&D super deduction policies can significantly encourage R&D output of enterprises,while the accelerated depreciation policy of fixed assets is not conducive to R&D output of enterprises.Chapter 5 also compares the effects of tax incentives by industry.Labor-intensive industries have the best incentives from high tax rates.The deduction policy for R&D in technology-intensive industries>the preferential tax rate for high-tech enterprises,and the accelerated depreciation policy for fixed assets is not obvious.In terms of R&D investment in capital-intensive industries,high-tech enterprises have preferential tax rates> accelerated depreciation policies for fixed assets,and R&D super deduction policies are not significant.In terms of R&D output,the preferential tax rate of high-tech enterprises> R&D plus deduction policy,and the accelerated depreciation policy of fixed assets is not significant.Regarding the R&D investment of state-owned enterprises,various policies are not significant.In terms of R&D output of state-owned enterprises,the R&D super deduction policy has the best effect, and the preferential tax rate for high-tech enterprises and the accelerated depreciation policy of fixed assets are not significant.Regarding the R&D investment in different institutional environments,R&D super deduction policy>high-tech enterprise tax rate preferential;in terms of R&D output,high-tech enterprise tax rate preferential>R&D super deduction policy.Chapter 6 makes an international comparison between the R&D credit policy and the patent box system.The R&D credit policy is an inclusive R&D incentive policy based on total discounts.It introduces the US incremental credit and the Australian total credit respectively,The United Kingdom's R&D credit policy that combines the super deduction and R&D credit and Japan's total increase in R&D credit.The patent box system is mainly reflected in the difference in tax incentives,applicable patent scope,qualified patent requirements and income range.It introduces the low-tax innovation box system in the Netherlands,the Belgian income reduction patent box system,and the French low-tax type.Patent box system,Luxembourg income reduction patent box system,and UK low tax rate and income reduction patent box system.Chapter 7 is the research conclusions and policy recommendations.(1)To implement a wider range of additional deduction policies,cancel the negative list system,standardize the R&D accounting system,unified additional deductions,preferential tax rates for high-tech enterprises,technology-based small and medium-sized enterprises,and government subsidies for the collection of R&D expenses,and standardize Accounting account settings.Transition from R&D super deduction to R&D credit.In areas where conditions permit,the unrecovered R&D credits are allowed to make up for the social security expenditures of R&D personnel in the current period.(2)Optimize the preferential tax rate for high-tech enterprises.Reduce the income scope of high-tech enterprises to enjoy the reduction and exemption to intellectual property-related income.Implement differentiated certification standards for enterprises of different sizes.Improve the management methods for the identification of high-tech enterprises,publish typical cases,expand the content of publicity,and simplify the approval process.(3)Implement more preferential tax policies for small and medium-sized enterprises.Extend the period for carrying forward losses for small and medium-sized enterprises to 10 years,and allow small and medium-sized technology companies to carry forward.Allow small and medium-sized enterprises to apply for tax rebates or deduct social security expenditures for R&D personnel for their losses.Lower the threshold for small and mediumsized enterprises to apply for high-tech enterprises.(4)Implement more inclusive policies for technological achievements.Expand the scope of application of tax incentives for technology transfer and reduce applicable tax rates and tax exemptions.