Research On The Mechanism Of Open Innovation Mode Influencing The Innovation Performance Of Technology-based Small And Medium-sized Enterprises

The shortage of internal resources and capacity faced by Chinese Technology-based Small and Medium-sized Enterprises(TSMEs)has been made up with the wide use of open innovation mode(OIM),and their innovation performances have also been increased.However,innovation performances based on OIM are quite different for TSMEs in various industries or even in the same industry,which could mainly be attributed to the heterogeneous factors such as the dynamic capabilities(DC),the environmental dynamics(ED)and senior manager's knowledge inertia(SMKI).And mediating mechanism of these factors on the relations between enterprises' OIM and their innovation performances is the key to solve the above problem.Research on this theoretical problem is helpful to reveal the internal mechanism of OIM's influence on innovation performances of TSMEs,and also to effectively enhance their innovation performances.Focusing on the core problem of why the innovation performances of TSMEs are different after implementing the OIM,the author literally reviews the relation between the OIM and innovation performance,together with the DC,the ED,the knowledge flow,and finds that the relations among the OIM,the DC and the innovation performance are not clear.So a theoretical analysis framework of the influencing mechanism of TSMEs' OIM on their innovation performances is put forward based on the resource-based theory,the enterprise capability-based theory and the open innovation theory.Then,the author analyzes three crucial problems: the first is about the influence of OIM of enterprises on their innovation performances;the second is about the intermediary role of the DC on the relation between OIM of enterprises and their innovation performances;the third is about the mediating role of the ED and the SMKI on the above intermediate role.Furtherly,the model of the OIM of TSMEs affecting their innovation performance is constructed and tested by using questionnaires of 240 TSMEs in China.The results have shown that the OIM of TSMEs has a direct and significant influence on their innovation performance;the DC has an intermediate role in the relation between OIM and the innovation performance;the ED and executive learning inertia rather than executive experience inertia play a negative role in the intermediate relations between the OIM and the innovation performance.Therefore,the following conclusions are drawn: Firstly,innovation performance can be obtained or created by using embedded and coupled open innovation model directly or by embedded open innovation model indirectly,so there are differences in innovation performances obtained by different OIMs.Secondly,the main strategies of embedded open innovation model,embedded open innovation model and coupled open innovation model are "purchase search",sale and "search and sell disclosure" respectively,so adopting more open innovation model types can help enterprises to obtain or create more innovation performance.Thirdly,the DC can effectively transform the inside and outside knowledge of TSMEs into their innovation performance,and it plays an important intermediary role on the relation between OIM of TSMEs and their innovation performances.Moreover,the intermediary role of the DC is quite distinct on the relations between different types of OIMs and innovation performances,thus the innovation performance of various TSMEs could be quite different.Fourth,high degree of DC will benefit for strengthening the DC of TSMEs,but restraining the relation between the OIM and the DC,which will furtherly hinder the intermediary effect between the OIM and the innovation performance,thus reducing the innovation performance of TSMEs.Fifth,executive knowledge inertia has a negative effect on the formation of the DC,while executive learning inertia will hinder the intermediary effect between OIM of TSMEs and their innovation performances,thus reducing their innovation performances;Sixth,ED and the executive learning inertia respectively restrain the front end and the back end of the intermediary effect between OIM and innovation performance,while the executive experience inertia has no regulating role on the intermediary effect,so the DC and executive learning inertia are the important factors affecting the innovation performance of TSMEs.The research of this paper have important theoretical and practical values for improving the innovation performance of TSMEs in China,and the innovation of this paper lies in the following three aspects: Firstly,the theoretical mechanism of OIM of TSMEs affecting their innovation performance is constructed based on the knowledge perspective;Secondly,the internal mechanism of OIM of TSMEs influencing their innovation performance is revealed,and the DC is found to play an important and distinct intermediate role in different OIMs;Thirdly,the author comprehensively studies the important problem about which parts of the mechanism of the OIM influencing innovation performance of TSMEs with the intermediary role of the DC are affected by ED and SMKI.Through the empirical tests on the mutual relations among the environment(environmental dynamics),the organization(open innovation model and dynamic ability)and the individual(executive knowledge inertia),the author discovers that there are complex influence relations among the three types of factors,among which the ED and the OIM have a significantly negative impact on the DC and the interconnection between executive learning inertia and the DC also have a significantly negative impact on the innovation performance of TSMEs.Thus,it is clear that the ED mainly affects the front end of the intermediate role,while executive learning inertia mainly affects the back end of it.