Study On Characteristics And Neural Mechanism Of Attention Network And Central Executive Function In College Students With Different Neural Types

At present,researches in the field of neural types still focus on classification measurement and practical application,while basic researches between neural types and cognitive processing are scarce.And there is still no research on the neural mechanism of cognitive processing differences among different neural types.Therefore,the cognitive processing characteristics and neural mechanism of different neural types are the core issues to be clarified.The exploration of the issues will not only help to advance the understanding of the mechanism of neural types,improve the theory of neural types,but also important for its application in practice.This paper intends to investigate the characteristics of different neural types in the two stages of cognitive processing,namely attention network and central executive function.Based on this,we explore how to teach students with different neural types according to their aptitude.This study consists of six parts.Study 1 1362 college students are tested by "The 80.8 Neural Type Scale",analyzing the distribution of neural types of college students,and compare the distribution with those of 1980s.Study 2 we explore the characteristics of attention network of different neural types students.80 subjects are selected from 1263 students,flexible type,quiet type,excitatory type and inhibitory type each has 20 subjects.The 80 subjects complete Attention Network Test(ANT).We analyze the processing characteristics of the three sub-functions of alerting,orienting and execution control in subjects with different neural types.Study 3 we investigate the characteristics of central executive function of different neural types.Based on Baddeley's multi-component model of working memory,The same subjects with Study 2 finish inhibition(Go/No-go paradigm)?updating(N-back paradigm)and shifting task(digit-letter shifting paradigm).The processing characteristics of the three sub-functions of the central executive system of different neural types are analyzed.Study 2 finds that different neural types show differences in the performance of attention network,especially the flexible subjects are significantly better than the other types in the performance of executive control network.Study 4 we further investigate the neural mechanism of different neural types in attention network.Study 3 shows that subjects with different neural types had different characteristics in inhibition,updating and shifting,study 5 we explore the neural mechanisms of central executive function in individuals with different neural types.Based on the analysis of the cognitive processing characteristics of subjects with different neural types,finally we discuss the individual teaching of different neural types according to their aptitude.The main conclusions of this study are as follows:(1)There are significant differences between the distribution of neural types in this survey and that in the 1980s,in types 1-4,the proportion of this survey are significantly lower than that of 1980s,and the proportion of types 13-16 are significantly higher than that of 1980s;There is no significant difference between the proportion of neural types of college students in 1980s and "Double first-class" discipline construction university students in this survey.(2)Alerting network and orienting network are not affected by neural type,and neural type plays an important role in executive control network,the performance of executive control network of the flexible type subjects are significantly better than that of the other neural types.(3)Inhibition ability improves with increased balance of neural activity,independent of the intensity and flexibility of neural activity;Updating ability is related to the intensity of neural activity,and has nothing to do with the balance and flexibility of neural activity;The intensity and balance of neural activity have no effect on the shifting function,while the flexibility of neural activity has a significant impact on it(As the flexibility of neural activity increases,it becomes stronger).(4)On the neural mechanism of attention network processing of different neural types,The N1 amplitudes of quiet type subjects in alerting and orienting processing are significantly higher than that of the other three types,It may be that the quiet type subjects have better concentration,and it is easier to focus all their attentions on the target stimulus.The difficulty effect size(the N2 difference between difficulty and simple situations)of N2 in executive control processing is significant bigger in the flexible type than the other types,and there is no significant difference in P3 amplitude between neural types,it may mean that the flexible subjects had stronger conflict detection efficiency,but no difference in conflict resolution.This result is consistent with study 2 that the performance of the flexible type is significantly better than that of the other three types in executive control network.(5)On the neural mechanism of different neural types in central executive function,in inhibition processing,MFN amplitudes induced by high balance types(flexible type,quiet type)are more negative than those of low balance types(excitatory type and inhibitory type),The types with high balance are better in conflict detection than the types with low balance,this is consistent with the results of study 3 that high balance types are lower than low balance types in reaction time of inhibition task.In updating processing,the amplitudes of P3 induced by flexible type is significantly higher than those of quiet type and inhibitory types,That is,the higher the flexibility of nervous system activity,the stronger the ability of updating processing.in shifting processing,the P3 amplitude induced by the flexible type is significantly higher than that of the other three types,and the excitatory type is higher than that of inhibitory type,This shows that the flexible type is more efficient in shifting processing than the other three types,and the excitatory type is stronger than that of the inhibitory type.In study 3,it is found that the shifting cost of flexible type is significantly lower than that of the other three types,which is also consistent with the result in study 5.(6)Students of different neural types have different cognitive processing characteristics,therefore,according to the characteristics of various types of students in the education,guiding students to know the positive side of their own neural types,and overcome the negative effects of the neural types,to make the most of students' potentials.(7)Individuals with different neural types have different cognitive processing characteristics,The 80.8 Nerve Type Scale can measure individual's cognitive processing ability to a certain extent.In summary,This study comprehensively analyzes the characteristics of subjects with different neural types in attention network and central executive function,and explores the neural mechanisms of different neural types in the attention network and central executive function for the first time.The characteristics and neural mechanisms of attention and memory processing of subjects with different neural types are clarified,further deepens the understanding of the nature of neural type.