Narrative, Symbols And Knowledge

This thesis is entitled "Narrative,symbol and knowledge--the expression of traditional Chinese medicine culture in Ming and Qing vernacular novels".It is intended to analyze the forms of traditional Chinese medicine culture in Ming and Qing vernacular novels from three perspectives of narrative,symbol and knowledge,the full text divides into the introduction and five chapters.The topic of introduction is "The expression of traditional Chinese medicine culture",which states that traditional Chinese medicine culture is the sum of spiritual civilization and material civilization embodying the essence and characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine.The formation of traditional Chinese medicine culture should have two basic forms:the first type is the influence of cultural phenomena in other fields on traditional Chinese medicine,the second type is the influence of traditional Chinese medicine system and knowledge into other cultural fields.One of the essence of the second kind of process is the different presentation of the content of TCM.The cultural content of traditional Chinese medicine refers to the cultural theory,thought,idea and achievement itself,while the cultural form refers to the expression of these ideological content.A concise way of thinking in the study of form is to regard culture as a text.Medical literature,as narrative medical literature,is the result of the mutual need and assistance between medicine and literature,the vernacular novels of Ming and Qing dynasties have special value:they are the witness of the summing-up period of traditional Chinese medicine culture,the comprehensive platform of traditional Chinese medicine culture,and the language expression close to the reality of traditional Chinese medicine culture.The first chapter is the study of the relationship between traditional Chinese medicine culture and vernacular novels of Ming and Qing dynasties.The prosperity of medical-related phenomena in vernacular novels of Ming and Qing dynasties shows that not only diseases have become literary objects,but also TCM and TCM culture have penetrated into all social strata and become an integral part of daily life.The medical texts of vernacular novels in the Ming and Qing dynasties have two remarkable characteristics:rich but not concentrated,extensive but slightly repeated.The medical texts can be divided into five types:single sentence type,sentence type,paragraph type,chapter type and cross-chapter type According to the professional degree of the medical content,it can be divided into five categories:general disease,named disease,discussion on cause and reason,constructing medical prescription and writing’ medical record.There are few medical novels,such as doctors’novels,medical novels,medicine novels and medicine name novels.There are two situations in the formation of medical texts:Inheritance and innovation.The inheritance of the text is mainly from or different genres or works of previous generations of direct use,innovation is from the accumulation of the original material to start with the material of the literary and novelization.There is a positive correlation between the author’s medical background and the style of medical texts,especially the depth of medical texts.Influenced by the development of novels and medicine,the historical development has formed a unique thread,which can be divided into five stages:from the early Ming dynasty to the middle Ming dynasty,from the late Ming dynasty to the late Ming dynasty,the early Qing dynasty,the middle and late Qing dynasty,and the late Qing dynasty.Different types of novel face the same medical material,will be based on the type of style and readers expect the type of treatment style.The culture of traditional Chinese medicine in the novel is rich in content,including the culture of various diseases,the culture of diagnosis and treatment,and the culture of doctors.The second chapter is the narrative research of disease and medicine in the vernacular novels of Ming and Qing dynasties.The novel inherits the narrative tradition of traditional Chinese medicine culture,one part is the biography of the Doctor in the history book,the other part is the medical record record.There are two parts of narrative perspective and narrative time in medical novels,which are worth discussing in narrative ways and techniques.The perspective includes patient perspective,relative perspective,physician perspective and other perspective.In narrative space,the patient space with the sickbed as the core and the doctor space with the radiation form the intersection,and the Doctor’s body space forms the effective intervention to the patient small space.The linear structure of the disease story can be divided into four plot units:pre-disease,in-disease,medical treatment and post-disease.A mature medical narrative model should include:convergent narrative function,similar narrative features,narrative space and characters close to each other.The formation of the pattern should go through the process of creation,imitation,development and final maturity,and it will change in the content,form and theme.In narrative,the disease plays the functions of clue and metaphor,while the healer plays the functions of helper,promoter,observer and metaphor.In the expression of the narrative theme,disease as the protagonist’s test represents the theme of the plight,the face of life and death,on behalf of the theme of salvation.The humorous aesthetic in journey to the west and the aestheticism style in a dream of red mansions represent the development of the aesthetic appreciation of traditional Chinese medicine.The third chapter is the Ming and Qing vernacular novels in the culture of traditional Chinese medicine symbols.Cultural semiotics can be adapted to the study of traditional Chinese medicine culture.The symbolization process of traditional Chinese medicine culture has its own characteristics,and the symbolization of pulse diagnosis is a typical example.In the novel will carry on the further symbolization,if does not have the reliable fact basis or the audience consensus,then easy to fail.The typical symbol of traditional Chinese medicine culture is medicine.The symbolization of traditional Chinese medicine can obtain three levels of meaning:subtextual meaning,textual meaning and hypertextual meaning.Most of the culturally significant drugs will play a narrative role in the plot.This kind of cultural symbolization of traditional Chinese medicine has often become a symbol of the efficacy of the Chinese medicine.Similar to opium,the symbol of drug culture has strong epochal character,resonates with the main melody of the times and becomes the common cultural memory of the times.Such as Poison,ecstasy,duds,sex drugs and other special drugs collectively,but also achieved the same degree of symbolization with specific drugs.The core element of drug name culture is whether the Code of drug name can be found and understood,so the relationship between the author and the reader can be examined by the theory of decoding.The literature of medicine names in vernacular prose is a new contribution of novels.The symbol of traditional Chinese medicine can also be temporarily symbolized.that is,used as a metaphor,and at the same time,it has entered into the folk language.The fourth chapter is the knowledge expression of TCM in the vernacular novels of Ming and Qing dynasties.Knowledge of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)is the sum of the knowledge and experience gained in the development of TCM Theory and clinical practice.Knowledge can be divided into declarative knowledge,procedural knowledge,explicit knowledge and tacit knowledge.The term of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)is a set of words used in TCM to express the concepts related to TCM.The novel mainly expresses explicit knowledge,and the talent-learning novel is its model.In order to convey the knowledge to the receiver smoothly,the author often chooses to make a further explanation,that is,a comment on the knowledge.From the point of view of knowledge,the fixed form of TCM Books is a kind of special procedural knowledge,and novelists often imitate the use and expression of this kind of knowledge.The fifth chapter explains the value and significance of the novel expression.The novels of the Ming and Qing dynasties certainly belong to the cultural projection of the Ming and Qing dynasties,and diseases and medicine can be divided into three situations:the direct reflection of concrete knowledge,the tortuous reflection of social relations,and the implicit reflection of medical ideas.Traditional Chinese medicine culture can be placed in the theory of collective memory.The medical folk-custom in a specific period has strong ceremony and stability,and is a kind of typical cultural memory.Narrative medicine holds that the medical process has narrative attribute,and to popularize narrative reading of traditional Chinese medicine,it is necessary to select suitable reading text,it should meet the three conditions of thinking and concept of TCM,skilled use of TCM language,adequate narrative and humanistic quality.The popular novels of the Ming and Qing dynasties have three advantages:rich texts and various TCM contents,rich narrative elements and perspectives of doctors and patients,natural and lifelike TCM language and strong humanistic quality.The creation and reading of medical novels in the Ming and Qing dynasties is a complete process of spreading Chinese medicine culture.The positive influence of novel form on the spread of traditional Chinese medicine culture and the experience and lesson can be observed by putting the novels of Ming and Qing dynasties into the frame of communication study:the readers’balance of readability and readability should be satisfied:the novels as a medium have three experiences:the discretion of truth and fiction,the fusion of fact and reason,and the use of literary skills:as a communicator,the cultural person of traditional Chinese medicine should pay attention to the right of discourse and play the role of gatekeeper.