| The Third Plenary Session of the 18 th Central Committee of the CPC emphasizes the central position of Health and upgrades the strategy of ―Healthy China‖ to a national level.At the micro level,with the accelerated pace of work and life in modern society,high-intensity work,overwork and sub-health condition have become major factors that affect the healthy life of people,which trigger a series of controversial tragic events(the Foxconn suicides,death by overwork in Huawei,etc.).The core of the problem is the balance between the pursuit of performance and the health of employees,which causes a series of reflections.Is the health problem of the employee just a personal problem? Should companies and organizations be responsible for the health of their employees? If they are required to be responsible,what fields should they be responsible for? What specific operational mechanisms should be developed? These questions with no definitive answers not only lead to a lot of disputes between company‘s and its employees,but also arouse wide public concern and controversy with the rapid information dissemination in the internet age,lying hidden trouble against the harmony and development of the entire society.Therefore,clarifying responsibilities and obligations on employee health issues and establishing an effective employee health promotion mechanism and system have become our top priorities.Under the circumstances,the establishment of Health Promotion Theory is urgently required by national policies and business practices.Human capital is the basis of all competitiveness of an organization.It takes the joint efforts of the organization and individuals to preserve and improve this precious asset.With the health management being a mere formality in some practices,it is of vital importance to rely on the trickle-down effect of leadership and promote health management with a top down approach.Therefore,the article is based on the frontier trend of research and the perspective of management science,integrates the concepts of human capital and the theory of life quality in social medicine across disciplines,proposes the concept of organizational health human capital,and performs dimensional construction and measurement.Moreover,through the analyses of the positive influence a health-promoting leadership has on human capital,it promoted the development of health promotion theory and clarifies the responsibilities and roles that the organization should bear for employees’ health.Employees‘ health is not the cost of a company.It is the source of the company’s core competitiveness.On the basis of Social Learning Theory and Social Information Processing Theory,the acritical establishes a multi-level model of the influence a health-promoting leadership has on health human capital and explore the possibilities of their interaction mechanism: At the individual level,a health-promoting leadership,through his or her management practice and role model,has an mediator effect on the level of health human capital,which also inspire employees to care about their own health and improve the level of health human capital in an indirect way;At the team level,a health-promoting leadership,through the cultivation of a health cliame,has an effect on employees‘ awareness and behavior and achieve the accumulation of health human capital.In the process of cultivating and establishing a health cliame,organizational structure plays a regulatory role.The article is a systematic summary and analysis of literatures related to health-promoting leadership,employees‘ subordinate selfcare about their health conditions,health cliame and organizational structure.It selects and specifies the operational definition and measurement scale of each variable in the conceptual model.It also constructed a Health Human Capital Scale with the reference to the36-item Concise Health Scale(SF-36).Independent work team for enterprises and institutions is the object of research,including the leader and team members(Each team has a leader and at least 10 members.Team members report directly to the leader.).Multi-source data are collected in the process of pre-investigation(small samples collection through questionnaire survey)and official samples.In the process of official sample collection,the research included 67 valid team samples,with 67 leaders and 479 team members.SPSS21.0,AMOS21.0 Statistical Software is used to perform reliability tests on official scales,discriminant validity test and common method deviation test on variables in the comments given by team members,and data aggregation test on the evaluated leader,health cliame and organizational structure.Variance analysis of demographic characteristics variables and correlation analysis between variables are also included in the research.HLM7.0 Statistical Software is used to construct and analyze cross-level linear models and test the hypothesis of direct effects and regulatory effects in the study.Monte Carlo Method is used to test Cross-Level Mediation Effect.The result suggests that: 1)a health-promoting leadership has significant positive impact on health human capital.The direct relationship between health-promoting leadership and health human capital was examined through empirical investigations in the context of Chinese organizations.Health-promoting leadership can directly influence the health human capital level of employees by implementing health management practices and health care.2)Employees‘ selcare play a cross-level mediator in the relationship between health promotion leadership and health human capital.Specifically,Health-promoting leadership integrate health promotion management concepts and work methods into their work processes through the role model effect and healthy management,which combines healthy working methods and work tasks.Employees maintain and enhance the level of health human capital while completing work tasks.3)The health cliame plays a cross-level mediator in the relationship between health promotion leadership and health human capital.A health cliame helps to form cohesive and consistent behavioral rules within the team.A health-promoting leadership implements regulations by creating healthy role models and creating communication opportunities,and thus creates an climate advocating health,enthusiasm and harmony within the organization.Meanwhile,in the context of perception of this climate,employees recognize the values of health,accept and adopt healthy working methods,and thus improve the human capital.4)The organizational structure plays a counter-regulatory role in the process of fostering a health cliame by health-promoting leaders.A rigid organizational structure undermines the positive relationship between health-promoting leaders and a health cliame,while a organic organizational structure enhances relationship.The more the organizational structure tends to be organic,the stronger the mediating role of health cliame between health-promoting leadership and human capital.The research is innovative in four aspects.1)It defines health human capital from an organizational behavior perspective and development its measurement.Due to the limitations of observation methods and measurement tools,the research on health human capital in the academic world has been focusing on macroscopic analysis from the perspective of economics.Micro-perspectives based on management theory are very rare in the discussion of health human capital.Nowadays,with the development of medicine and social medicine,observation methods and measurement tools in the health field have been greatly developed,which leads to the emergence of a large number of theoretical and analytical methods that focus on health and health-related quality of life.With consideration of the circumstances above,the research learns from the theory of life quality in social medicine,integrates health promotion theory in the field of organization management,defines and measures health human capital from the perspective of organizational behavior,and therefore accelerates the research of health human capital and the development of health-promoting theories.2)It analyzes the influence of health-promoting leadership on health human capital and open the―black box‖ of health human capital.Paying attention to the health of employees is an inescapable responsibility of the company.Why are health promotion management still a mere formality in most practices? How to effectively improve the organization’s employees’ health human capital? Which factors are the key to the improvement of health human capital? There are still no final answers to these questions.The reason is that when the discordant match exists between people and organizations and the factors affecting health in the organizational environment effect disorderly,it is difficult to form an effective mechanism.Leadership is the important variable that can affect key work environments,control key factors,and improve workplace health(Aitken,2007).In the research,the improvement of health human capital is examined from a health-promotion leadership perspective for the first time and is analyzed from both individual and team levels.By analyzing the mediating role of health cliame and employees‘ subordinate selfcare on the relationship between the leadership and health human capital,the ―black box‖ of health human capital formation is opened.3)It identifies the specific context in which health-promoting leaders exerts influence.The role of health-promoting leaders in the promotion of health human capital is not able to be fully realized under every conditions.Organizational context is an important variable that influences the effectiveness.This study further analyzes the conditions under which health-promoting leaders exerts influence by introducing the regulatory variable of organizational structure.The results show that health-promoting leadership is more likely to function in an organic organizational structure(which means flexible internal structure and accessible communication channel).The conclusions of this study provide more in-depth exploration of the conditions and scope of application for health-promoting leaders,and provide contextual boundaries for health promotion management practices.In summary,this study,based on Social Learning Theory and Social Information Processing Theory,proposes an mediator effect model of health-promoting leadership,employees‘ subordinate selfcare and health cliame in the promotion of health human capital,as well as an organizational structure-related regulatory effect model.It provides a more systematic description of the mechanism between health-promoting leadership and health human capital,develops the health promotion theory and serves as a theoretical reference for carrying out health promotion management in organizations. |
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