1.Knockdown Of UBE4B Inhibits Growth And Induces Apoptosis In Nasopharyngeal Cancer Cells Through Activation Of Caspase3 And P53 2.The Effect Of Neuron Specific Enolase (NSE) On The Prognosis And Brain Metastasis Of Small Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC)

Nasopharyngeal cancer(NPC)is one of the most common cancer in China.The radiotherapy is the priority treatment strategy for NPC patiens.The application of radiotherapy,radiotherapy plus chemotherapy or molecular target therapy is based on the TNM staging.However,the outcomes of chemotherapy and molecular target therapy are still unsatisfied.The comlete remession of the NPC patients was only 50%,which might due to the metastasis and relapse of the tumor.Thus,it’s of great importance to develop novel targt gene for NPC patients.The activation of oncogenes and the loss of tumor suppressor genes are believed to play critical roles in the pathogenesis of Nasopharyngeal cancer(NPC).The human ubiquitination factor E4B(UBE4B)gene is frequently amplified in prostate and breast cancers,however,its role in cancer has not yet been extensively studied.Especially,the role of UBE4B in NPC has not yet been studied.Firstly,we analyzed the expression of UBE4B in NPC samples.We found that protein levels of NPC are higher in most NPC cancerous tissues as compared with their matched adjacent non-tumor tissues.Additionally,the NPC mRNA was also amplified in 24 NPC tissues.Knockdown of the endogenous UBE4B using small interfering RNA further showed that deficiency of UBE4B suppressed cell growth and caused apoptosis in NPC cells.Knocking down UBE4B promoted cleaved caspase3 protein and p53 expression in NPC cells,and caspase3 inhibition could prevent cell apoptosis induced by the knockdown of UBE4B.All together these results indicate that protein levels of UBE4B in most NPC tissues are higher than non-tumor tissues,and knockdown of UBE4B inhibits growth and induces apoptosis in NPC cells through the activation of caspase3 and p53.Therefore,UBE4B gene might be a potential molecular target of NPC.NSE has been generally used as a marker for the diagnosis and therapy monitoring for small cell lung cancer(SCLC)patients.This study was designed to investigate the prognostic roles and brain metastasis of NSE in SCLC.Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay(ELISA)was performed to measure the concentrations of NSE in the serum of SCLC patients.The prognostic value of NSE was calculated using Kaplan-Meier survival curves and Cox proportional-hazards analysis.The functions of NSE in the expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)associated factors were investigated by silencing NSE expression using RNA interference technology.Flow cytometry was used to detect the percentage of ALDH+ cancer stem cells(CSC).ELISA results showed that elevated NSE expression was positively correlated with advanced tumor stage and brain metastasis.The Kaplan-Meier survival curves revealed that elevated NSE expression was associated with poor overall survival(OS).NSE could be viewed as an independent prognostic marker for SCLC patients.Silenceing NSE could upregulate the expression of E-cadeherin,and down-regulate the expression of N-cadeherin and vimentin.Silenceing NSE could reduce the percentage of cancer stem cells(CSC).Our data suggested that NSE might play an important role in the oncogenesis and progression of SCLC,which indicating that NSE could be used as a potential molecular therapy target.