| With the development of economy and society and the advancement of science and technology,the depth and scope of human land use activities have reached new heights.While land use continues to meet human needs and provide various functions and services for human beings,it also has caused global or regional ecological and environmental problems in the fields such as food,energy,resources and environment,and profoundly affected the sustainability of land resources and social-economic,which has become the focus of attention of the international community.The report of the 18 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China clearly put forward the national strategy of vigorously promoting the construction of ecological civilization,and listed the optimization of land and space development as the primary task of ecological civilization construction.The Outline of the National Land Planning(2016-2030)proposed the strategic deployment of integrating land development with classified protection,based on comparative advantages,promoting coordinated regional development,and practically optimizing the pattern of land space development.Land use provides various products and services for human beings,and has multifunctional functions such as environmental functions,social functions and economic functions.The multi-functionality of land use is an important perspective and means to evaluate effects,rationality and sustainability of land use.It is an effective way to realize the sustainable development of the region to carry out multi-function evaluation and comprehensive zoning,to optimize the pattern of regional development and protection,and to guarantee the ability of land resources to provide products and services for human beings.The reservoir area is a relatively closed geographical unit formed by the construction of the reservoir.China is the country with the largest number of reservoir areas in the world.The reservoir area has become an important support for the rational use of water resources and the realization of ecological civilization,and is also an important space for regional development.The reservoir area often has the characteristics of complex terrain conditions,ecological sensitivity and relatively backward economic development.The contradiction and conflict between economic development and ecological environment protection have received widespread attention from all walks of life,among which the sustainable use of land resources is a hot topic of research and a practical problem to be solved urgently to realize sustainable development.This study analyzed the theory and method of land use multi-functional evaluation and comprehensive zoning in the reservoir area,and carried out empirical research with the typical representative Danjiangkou reservoir area as a case,and formulated a differentiated land use policy system for different zones to optimize land development and Protection pattern.The above research is an effective means to promote the rational use of land resources in the reservoir area and achieve sustainable development,and it can also provide useful theoretical and practical references for similar areas.Based on the needs of the sustainable development of the reservoir area,this paper carries out research along the train of thought of "problem proposal-theoretical analysis-method system construction-empirical research".This paper is divided into seven chapters.The first chapter is the introduction,which mainly expounds the research background and significance of this paper,domestic and foreign research status,the research content and the framework.The second chapter is to sort out the theoretical system.This chapter mainly reviews and analyzes the basic theories,the basic problems and multi-functional connotations of the reservoir area,constructs a multi-purpose classification scheme for land use in the reservoir area,and expounds the objectives and principles of the comprehensive zoning.The third chapter is the construction of multifunctional evaluation and comprehensive zoning method system of land use in the reservoir area,which mainly includes three aspects: first,the construction of multifunctional evaluation system of land use in the reservoir area;Second,the research method of multifunctional influencing factors is introduced.The third was to explore the multifunctional zoning scheme of land use in the reservoir area.Chapter four briefly introduced the general situation of the research area and the process of data processing.The fifth chapter firstly analyzed the spatial and temporal evolution characteristics of water resource guarantee function in Danjiangkou reservoir area from micro-scale,in order to highlight the importance of water resource guarantee function to reservoir area.Then the spatio-temporal differentiation of multifunction was analyzed from the county scale.Finally,a Geographical Weighted Regression model was constructed to study the influencing factors of multifunctional land use.The sixth chapter has carried out multi-functional comprehensive division of the Danjiangkou reservoir area,and proposed different policy recommendations for different divisions.Chapter seven is the summary and prospect of the research.The main results and conclusions are as follows:(1)The thesis constructs a multi-functional classification scheme and index system for land use in the reservoir area.In this paper,a multifunctional classification scheme of land use in the reservoir area is constructed,which consists of three first-level functions: Environmental Function,Social Function and Economic Function,and nine second-level functions.According to the characteristics of land use in the reservoir area and the special needs for the function,the above plan sets "water resource guarantee function" in the Environmental Function,highlighting the importance of water resource security in the reservoir area,reflecting the special needs and positioning of the reservoir area.According to the multi-function classification system of land use in the reservoir area,this study constructed a multi-function evaluation index system composed of 21 indicators,which also reflected the particularity of the reservoir area.Firstly,this paper comprehensively characterizes the "water resource guarantee function" by means of water conservation and soil conservation.The above indicators can be accurately verified by InVEST model based on rainfall,temperature,soil and land use data.The assessment avoided the problem of lack of long-term environmental monitoring data in the reservoir area,which improved the practicality of the indicator system and expanded the scope of application.Secondly,for the evaluation of Economic Function,previous researcher have selected industrial output,secondary industry output value and other types of indicators.This study has actively evaded such indicators,reflecting that the reservoir area is mostly aimed at protecting the ecological environment,avoiding large scale industrial development.(2)It analyzes the evolution pattern of "water resource guarantee function" in the reservoir area from the micro-scale.In view of the importance of "water resource guarantee function" in reservoir area,this paper analyzes the terrain gradient characteristics and spatial autocorrelation pattern of water source conservation and soil conservation in reservoir area from micro-scale.This analysis can provide technical support for putting forward targeted policy suggestions on protecting "water resource guarantee function" in the reservoir area.The water conservation capacity of the Danjiangkou reservoir area has generally declined in the past 15 years,and the spatial aggregation phenomenon is obvious,and the overall characteristics are high in the south and low in the north.The water conservation rate fluctuated significantly with the increase of elevation,and increased with the increase of slope.The 500m~1500m elevation range is the advantage area of water conservation,and the protection of water conservation function should be strengthened in the area below 600 m elevation and below 5°.In the past 15 years,the soil conservation intensity in the study area has increased first and then decreased.The areas with strong soil conservation intensity are mainly concentrated in the southern Daba Mountain area in the middle and upper reaches of the Danjiangkou reservoir area,and the weaker areas are mainly Danjiangkou City and Luanchuan County in the downstream area.The 800m~1700m elevation section is the dominant area for soil conservation in the Danjiangkou reservoir area.Soil conservation below 400 m is strongly interfered by human activities.As the slope increases,the soil maintains strength,but in the area above 55°,it declines rapidly.(3)It comprehensively analyzes the spatial and temporal differentiation characteristics of land use multi-functions from the county scaleBased on the evaluation index system of land use in the reservoir area,this paper constructed the evaluation model of Abrupt Change Grade from the county scale,and comprehensively evaluated the environmental function,social function and economic function of land use in the reservoir area,and analyzed the spatio-temporal differentiation characteristics of different functions.The land use environment function in the central of the Danjiangkou reservoir area and the southern Daba Mountainous area was relatively high,and a low-value gathering area centered on Shiyan,Hanzhong and Shangluo was formed.The land use environment function of the urban area of Ankang City was at a medium level for a long time.In the past 15 years,the land use environmental function has been growing slowly.The rapidly improving areas and counties are mainly in the surrounding areas of Danjiangkou reservoir,the Hanzhong Basin in the upper reaches of Danjiangkou reservoir,and the surrounding areas of Shangluo city located in the eastern Qinling Mountain to the Funiu Mountain.Areas and counties with higher social function are mainly distributed in the area from the four counties of Henan province to Shiyan city in the east of the study area.By 2015,the surrounding areas and counties centered on Ankang city have become new high-value clusters of social function.In the past 15 years,the social functions of land use in most counties in the study area were mainly improved slowly and rapidly,and the social functions of land use in the central region increased significantly.The distribution pattern of land use economic functions in the study area did not change significantly.The high value area was mainly distributed in the east and west regions centered on Hanzhong city and Shiyan city,while the low level area was mainly distributed in the northern and southern mountains of the study area.In the past 15 years,the economic function of land use in the research area has been slowly increasing,and the value of central region was higher than the eastern and western regions.(4)This paper studies the land use multi-functional influencing factorsThrough qualitative analysis of the influencing mechanism and literature review,this study constructed an alternative index system of influencing factors.Taking Danjiangkou reservoir area as a case,four factors including Topographic Relief,Annual Average Rainfall,Land Average GDP and Land Development Intensity were selected from the alternative index system,which were used to build a Geographical Weighted Regression model to study the influencing factors.Topographic Relief has a positive effect on land use environmental function and social function,and a negative effect on land use economic function.The Average Annual Rainfall has a positive effect on the environmental function,but not an obvious effect on the social function.Average Annual Rainfall has both positive and negative effects on the economic function of land use,which is positive in the eastern region and negative in the western mountainous region.The impact of Land Average GDP on environmental function was divided into two stages: before 2005,it was mainly promoted,and after 2005,it was mainly inhibitory.The impact of Land Average GDP on land use economic function and social function was mainly positive.The Land Development Intensity has a strong restraining effect on the environmental function and a positive promoting effect on the social function and economic function of land use.(5)It put forward the multi-functional comprehensive zoning scheme and policy system for land use in the reservoir areaBecause of the multiplicity and complexity of the multi-function comprehensive zoning target in the reservoir area,it is difficult to achieve the zoning target simply by one or more methods.Integrating the concept of “static + dynamic” and “quantitative + qualitative”,this paper considered the comprehensive change characteristics of land use multi-functions in the reservoir area,and introduced the concept of “Tradeoff” of ecosystem services.Focusing on the importance of “water resource guarantee function”,this study proposes a “primary partition + two-step correction” land use multi-functional zoning idea.The above-mentioned zoning ideas were used to divide the Danjiangkou reservoir area into six sub-division types,namely,the “downstream core water body key protection area”,the “upstream environmental function advantage retention area”,the “middle and upper reaches of the environmental function key enhancement area”,the “downstream social function improvement area”,the “middle and lower reaches of the economic function” and “economic function optimization area of the center city ”.Based on the detailed analysis of the distribution,partition characteristics and functional positioning of each of the above-mentioned zones,this paper proposed the multi-functional development and land use policy orientation for each partition.In particular,aiming at the importance of water resources security in Danjiangkou reservoir area,the partition matching scheme of water resources security measures was proposed from the perspectives of integrated zoning management and vertical zoning management.Finally,the paper proposed corresponding institutional safeguard measures from the perspectives of ecological compensation,cross-regional government cooperation and ecological legislation. |
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