| Since the founding of New China,with the development of our country's economy and society,the holiday system has undergone several changes.As an important part of the social system,the holiday system shows the social and economic development level,and at the same time it is closely related to the vital interests of the people.In particular,since 1999,the three 7 days continuous holiday,so called "Golden Week" system of the annual "National Day","Spring Festival" and "Labor Day" have been implemented.The "Golden Week" system with Chinese characteristics has a great effect on promoting the economic development of our country.Due to the absence of the paid vacation system,the continuous holiday greatly stimulated our national tourism desire.Although this makes the tourism industry in China began to develop rapidly,its negative impact is very obvious.During the holidays,the tourist attractions,hotels and all kinds of vehicles are overcrowded.In order to reduce the impact of large numbers of tourists on tourist destinations during the golden week,to improve the quality of tourists travel,but also to promote the heritage of our traditional culture,the State Council modified the "holiday measures" in 2007,keeping"National Day","Spring Festival" the two golden weeks,and reducing the holiday time of "Labor Day" from 3 days to 1 day,adding three traditional festivals,namely "Qingming Festival","Dragon Boat Festival","Mid-Autumn Festival”,and each vacation for 1 day.It is also stipulated that if any of the national holidays fall on Saturday and Sunday,a compensated holiday should be given on a working day.In this way,each minor holiday can be achieved 3 days,our nationals also have got three more choices for the time to travel.Even though the pressure of the tourist attractions at the same time is slightly buffered,the choice of tourist destinations is limited.The three long holidays were reduced to two,which made people who crave long-distance travel feel dissatisfied.And for the hot spots,they were still very crowded during the holidays.Therefore,although the State Council has made reforms,there is a mixed voice in all aspects of the country,and the study of holiday system has never stopped.There are many researches on the impact of the holiday system on tourism economy,but most of them separate the holiday system from the tourism economy,or analyzing the tourism economy with the present vacation system as the background,or analyzing the holiday system from the economic perspective,and seldom on the relationship between them.Moreover,most of the economic studies of holiday system only stay on the qualitative analysis level,which mainly focus on the tourism demand,consumption behavior,the relationship between consumption and leisure,path dependence,countermeasure research and so on,and the quantitative analysis of quantitative analysis is less.Based on the above background,this article expands the research on the intersecting field of holiday system and the tourism economy,and carries out an empirical test on the relationship between the two.It provides theoretical support and empirical evidence support for the influence of holiday system on tourism economy.It is important to guide tourists to choose travel time and make tourism decisions.For the tourist attractions,it is of significance to improve and make overall arrangements of the reception capacity,to make rational planning of upgrading the project,such as maintenance and renovation,to combine the manpower,material and financial resources elastically and sufficiently,and to achieve the effective management.It will play a certain role in warning and pushing for the national policy level to reconsider and encourage the extensive implementation of the paid holiday system.On the basis of literature reviewing and theoretical model analysis,this paper defines the holiday system which has been implemented since 2007 as the centralized holiday system and reviews the evolution of Chinese holiday system and the development of tourism industry,focusing on the relevance between the current centralized holiday system and tourism development,and makes an empirical study on the influence of the centralized holiday system on the tourism economy from three points.The first is from the leisure time perspective.This paper considers the time decision of consumer travel from the perspective of time,studies the common seasonal characteristics of tourism and the choice of travel time by various different leisure time,and uses the related data of tourist reception to measure and verify.The second is from the space perspective.This paper makes an empirical study on the regional disparity and its dynamic evolution of the tourism contribution value during the period of "National Day"in 2006-2016 of 31 provinces and municipalities(autonomous regions)in China,and verifies whether the tourism economic effects of different provinces and regions are the same during the period of centralized vacation,and whether they are distributed according to certain laws.The third is from the perspective of environmental carrying capacity.Firstly,the maximum environmental capacity of Mount Tai in winter and summer is calculated with the help of the basic principle and method of tourism environment carrying capacity.Then,the actual monthly reception data are used to analyze the vacancy and congestion of the scenic resources and environment with regularity in the annual range of the scenic spot in different months with the distribution of holidays.Once again,it confirms the effect of the centralized holiday system on the tourism economy.The main conclusions of this paper are summarized as follows 1.The centralized holiday system can play the role of balancing tourism supply and demand to a certain extent,and affect the development of tourism economy.However,there are different impacts on tourism economy after the seasonal superposition of different types of centralized vacation system and tourism.The impact of short time concentrated vacation on tourism economy is not prominent,and the longer the concentration vacation is,the more obvious impact on tourism economy is.2.There is a significant regional disparity in the value of tourism contribution during the concentrated holiday in hot,warm and cold spot areas.There is a significant inter regional gap in the value of tourism contribution during the holiday,and the overall regional disparity in the contribution value of concentrated holiday tourism is increasing during the survey period,the regional differences and regional disparities showed a downward trend,and the value of concentrated holiday tourism between provinces is not the same,the trend of multipolar differentiation is obvious.3.The centralized holiday system will play a moderating role in the vacancy and congestion degree of tourist attractions to some extent.This kind of adjustment is bidirectional,the holiday in the off-season can play a positive role in regulating the tourism economy;the holiday in the peak season,especially the long concentrated holiday,has the promotion function to the crowding of scenic spots,resulting in negative effects of economic benefits.The innovation of this article includes:1.Studying of the time factors that influence the tourism economy,using the method of measurement and quantification,this paper empirically studies the impact of the tourism economy brought by Chinese concentrated holiday system from the three points of time,space and carrying capacity.2.Through the cluster analysis method,the 31 provinces are divided into three major regions,which are hot spots,warm spots and cold spots.By using Dagum Gini coefficients decomposition and kernel density estimation method,the regional disparity of the contribution value of the concentrated holiday tourism in these three regions is validated,and the spatial distribution and dynamic evolution of the influence of the centralized holiday system on the tourism economic effect are analyzed from the point of view of regional differences.3.By measuring the maximum environmental carrying capacity of Mount Tai and combining with the reception quantities of the different costs and benefits which are calculated by the financial data of Mount Tai over the years,the different vacancy and congestion areas are divided,which can provide guidance for the planning of the tourist attractions carrying capacity.Although this paper attempts to make a comprehensive and systematic analysis of the tourism economic impact brought by the centralized holiday system,there are still some deficiencies.The influence of the centralized holiday system on the tourism destination is not limited to the tourism economy,nor is it limited to the tourism income,which can be studied by more influences in the economic field.Moreover,due to the restrictions on the details of the monthly data,this article only chooses the representative Mount Tai scenic spot in the north as a case.The research conclusion has some significance but is not comprehensive.In order to confirm its regularity and persuasion,we can select a certain area or a type of tourism scenic spot with common characteristics to expanding the research in the future. |
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