| Sustainable development of agriculture is extending concepts and theories in the field of sustainable agriculture and rural development,is the key to the sustainability of the whole socio-economic development.It has been raised by the world's governments and academics widespread concern and attention.In this paper,we explored and researched sustainable development of agriculture of Lianhua County,digging through the course of agricultural development and agricultural development achieved achievement,focuses on typical patterns and technology for the sustainable development of agriculture,agricultural sustainable development quantitative evaluation,to analyze the advantages,sustainable development of agriculture and obstacles factors,proposed strategies for sustainable development of agriculture countermeasures.(1)With socialism social development and scientific technical level improve,the development of agricultural product after several twists and turns in Lianhua County,and its development experienced fire different times:(1)Leading period of traditional agriculture(before 1949): Lianhua County land ownership by individual and land use rights is feudalism private ownership.(2)Agricultural development transition stage(during1949-1977): At this stage,Lianhua County government established the rural cooperatives and people's commune,raised farmer's knowledge and technical level,improved farmland cropping system.(3)Initial development modern agriculture(during 1978-1991): recover and expand rural commune autonomy,recover private plot,household sideline production,collective sideline production and county fair trade arouse initiative of the broad rural population.(4)The middle of modern agricultural development(during 1992-2005): During the period,government strengthening policy support,and agricultural mechanization has further improvement,agriculture gradually planned development,farmland cropping system tend to simplify,and agricultural tax and fee has reformed.(5)The new period of modern agricultural development(during 2006-so far): Agriculture development present mainly some features that the industrialization scale expansion,mechanization level continue to rise and modern leisure agriculture rapid rise.In recent years,Lianhua county agricultural development has made great achievements,mainly in the production of agricultural products increased greatly,characteristic industry vigorous development,optimize the structure of agricultural industrialization,raise the level of mechanization of agriculture,infrastructure,ecological environment construction steadily,good effect of agricultural science and technologytraining,efforts to increase agricultural policy support continuously perfect,at the same time to "Lotus" as the theme to create the local characteristic industry.(2)The resources of Lianhua county is very rich,and it is a major agricultural county to grow grain.Through the survey,Lianhua county has formed a variety of typical agricultural sustainable development mode and technology,including the three-dimensional model and agricultural technology,agricultural technology,water ecological model and agriculture forestry husbandry compound development mode of agriculture and technology,high value eco agriculture development pattern and technology and ecological leisure tourism agriculture pattern and technology etc.(3)This research based on the connotation of agricultural sustainable development.(Agricultural production,agricultural economy,resources and environment,agricultural science and technology and five aspects,such as rural society),Combining with the lianhua county is mountainous,the forest coverage rate high characteristic.Through on-the-spot investigation and consulting related local agricultural experts,build the lianhua county agricultural sustainable development evaluation index system.Then,the application of single index evaluation and comprehensive weighted evaluation model analysis of lianhua county agricultural sustainable development research.The analysis results are as follows:Looked from the single index evaluation of sustainable development and its weight,the main factors influencing the Lianhua County agricultural sustainable development level of agricultural labor productivity,agricultural land productivity,agricultural total output value,agricultural products upgrade degree,agricultural machinery gross power,farmers net income per capita,rural poverty rate and Engel's coefficient.The agricultural total output value,agriculture labor productivity and farmers net income per capita develop better,increase obviously,which is to improve the dominant factors of agricultural sustainable development level.The main factors that affects the sustainable development level is rural poverty rate.From 2010 to 2014,Agricultural output increased by 78.30%,forestry output value increased by 55.08%,agricultural labor productivity increased by 99.58%,agricultural labor productivity increased by 100.94%,per capita net income of farmers grew 65.79%,the ability of agricultural science and technology investment grew by 74.14%,from these data to the single index assessment shows: their development is very good,is growing fast.Percapita food production,agricultural intensification,intermediate consumption of agricultural productivity,the total power of agricultural machinery,education and culture and investment engel coefficient although some growth,but growth is slow,the averageannual growth rates were 5.42%,5.48%,8.75%,7.48%,4.78% and 6.09%,and per capita food production and the total power of agricultural mechanization also showed volatility;Comparing to the base year,the per capita meat output,per capita output of aquatic products,forest cover and end kilometer total distance the value relatively stable not have changed much;agricultural land productivity and rural poverty rate fluctuations decreased,was not sustainable.The sustainable development level,sustainable development ability and sustainable development degrees of Lianhua County are in a good state and constant growth trend.Compared with at the end of the 11 th five-year(2010),lianhua county sustainable development level is 137.19% in 2014,average annual growth rate of 8.22%;128.71% of the ability of sustainable development,with an average annual growth rate of 6.51%;131.75% of the degree of sustainable development,with an average annual growth rate of7.14%.Sustainable development level is higher than the sustainable development ability,the sustainable development degree of power to be further strengthened.(4)This study discussed the natural conditions and agricultural development status of Lianhua county,the macro and micro environment of the sustainable development of the Lianhua county were analyzed by using the SWOT analysis method,and given the results of the quantitative comprehensive evaluation.Results showed:(1)Lianhua county belongs to subtropical monsoon climate,moderate temperature,four distinct seasons,abundant rainfall,fertile land,good ecological environment,rich in biodiversity,vegetation coverage rate is high,especially the complex topography,agricultural climate resources,suitable for the green mountain vegetables,fruits,tea and other characteristics of various types of high-quality variety of crops;the agricultural characteristic advantage industry makes the agricultural product quality level and market competitiveness has improved significantly;a major breakthrough in new agricultural technology,new varieties;agricultural production mode,management mode has made innovative development and soon.All of these have a strong pulling effect on the sustainable development of agriculture in the Lianhua county.(2)The development of lotus industry is very good;Regional advantages are appearing gradually;The number of agricultural cooperatives is increasing;Agricultural development policy and environment are positive and active.They provides good opportunities for the sustainable,healthy and stable development of agriculture.(3)Poor infrastructure;Limited and reducing land reserve resources;Growing agricultural environment pressure;Frequent natural disasters;Lack of labor quantity,lowquality;Talent shortage,backward technology;Weakening of agricultural production and business entities;Agricultural products processing enterprises are small in size and poor in driving ability.These factors had the negative impact on the sustainable development of modern urban agriculture.In conclusion,the sustainable development level,sustainable development ability and sustainable development degrees of Lianhua county are in a good state and constant growth trend.It mainly thanks to the advantages of Lianhua County agricultural sustainable development.However,at the same time,there are many obstacle factors.To solve these problems,we put forward some development countermeasures: Promote the agricultural sustainable development,let the overdraft resources to recuperate;Expand the industrial chain,accelerate the process of agricultural industrialization;Based on the local characteristics,develop modern characteristic agriculture;Establish long-term working mechanism of disaster prevention and reduction,strengthen the education popularization of disaster prevention and reduction;Develop leading enterprises;Cultivate agricultural product brand;Increase financial support;Strengthen the construction of infrastructure,improve the agricultural comprehensive production capacity;Carry out rich peasant project,enhance the capacity of continuous increase in rural incomes;Strengthen the agricultural science and technology service,promote the reform of agricultural technology promotion system;Establish and perfect the relevant laws and regulations of agricultural sustainable development. |
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