| In view of the wide-band,multi-functional and low-cost evolution requirements of millimeter-wave wireless communication systems,this thesis deeply studies the antenna technology used in various millimeter-wave applications.Starting from the basic theory of generalization and generalization,the millimeter-wave wideband endfire antennas and arrays are proposed.The design theory and method of millimeter-wave antenna and array have verified the correctness and effectiveness through simulation and actual measurement.The research results can be widely used in the antenna design of millimeter wave terminal equipment,base station,satellite communication and other applications.The main work of this paper is as follows:1)Aiming at the problem of high loss of millimeter-wave circularly polarized antenna and narrow working frequency band,this thesis proposes a new prototype of circularly polarized tapered slot antenna based on millimeter-wave low loss transmission line rectangular waveguide,which achieves an impedance and axial ratio bandwidth of 34.1%.Through the waveguide mode and current distribution,the working mechanism of the antenna is explained and the detailed antenna design flow is given.The prototype of this circularly polarized tapered slot antenna is introduced into the easy-to-integrate plate antenna design,and the antenna based on substrate integration waveguide is proposed.The circular polarization tapered slot antenna of the waveguide achieves an impedance and axial ratio bandwidth of 34.7%.Based on the working mechanism of the ridge waveguide,a miniaturized design method for the prototype of the circular polarization tapered slot antenna is proposed,which makes up for the wide side of the antenna.The size is too large to be directly used as an array unit design defect.The optimized aperture size is 0.8318?×0.696?,and the impedance and axial ratio bandwidth is 27.6%.The circular polarization tapered slot antenna is introduced into the circularly polarized circular waveguide horn antenna.The design proposes a broadband circularly polarized horn that does not require an orthogonal mode converter.The impedance and axial ratio bandwidth is 40%.The mechanism of the horn antenna is explained by a three-port model and a detailed design flow is given.2)In view of the low radiation efficiency and narrow working frequency band of the millimeter wave high gain circularly polarized antenna array,this paper transforms the circular polarization tapered slot antenna structure based on the plate,and loads the metal splint to increase the radiation aperture area and improve the axial specific impedance.With the gain characteristics and the integrated design of the substrate integrated waveguide feed network for feeding,a 4×4 directional end-fire circularly polarized tapered slot antenna array is constructed,and the impedance and axial ratio bandwidth covers the 5G E band and W band.The highest gain is 19.88 dBic,and the highest aperture efficiency is 80.6%.A prototype of a circularly polarized septum antenna based on a rectangular waveguide is proposed.The antenna structure is simple and 40%bandwidth is realized.Based on the waveguide mode theory,the mechanism of the circular polarization of the antenna is analyzed by the three-port model,and the parameters of all the parameters of the antenna are scanned and verified.The theoretical distribution of the mode of the aperture field is calculated.The simulation software HFSS simulates the 8×8 array and verifies its feasibility as a high gain array element.The simulation array results are also available.The array can achieve 40%operating bandwidth,and the simulation efficiency is greater than 85.34%in the operating band.In view of the large size of the millimeter-wave multi-beam antenna and the difficulty of realizing circular polarization characteristic,this thesis introduces the prototype of the circularly polarized septum antenna into the integrated plate antenna design,further compresses the aperture size and widens the half-power-beam-width and 3-dB axial ratio beam width.A 4 x 4 folded Butler matrix which is consistent with the parameters of the radiating element plate is proposed for feeding.Based on the transmission line theory,the phase shifter in the Butler matrix is designed to realize small size and wide frequency band.The antenna array electrical size is 0.77?×1.9?×12.4?,array impedance isolation bandwidth covers frequency range 57.8 to 62.5 GHz,beam coverage range±37°,maximum gain up to 11.01 dBic.Aiming at the problem of small beam coverage and large gain fluctuation of millimeter wave frequency beam scanning antenna,this thesis proposes a frequency beam scanning antenna array based on folded substrate integrated waveguide phase shifter.Based on the working mechanism of electromagnetic dipole,the wide half power beam width element is designed.The key parameters of the proposed phase shifter based on transmission line theory is theoretically deduced.The radiation pattern of the final array os theoretically calculated.The antenna array bandwidth covers from 57 to 63 GHz.The beam coverage is-18° to 32°and the gain ripple is less than 2.9 dBi.These researches have been publushed in IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications,IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation,IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters and IEEE Access,and a Chinese patent was granted. |
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