Study On Tourism Activities In Jiangnan Area In The Middle And Late Ming Dynasty(1506-1644)

The Ming Dynasty is an important dynasty in Chinese history.In the middle and late Ming Dynasty,commodity economy continued to develop,business became increasingly prosperous and social wealth increased.Under the impact of the commodity economy,people's ideas,values and lifestyles have earth-shaking changes,showing signs of transformation to modern society.With the promotion of literati and scholar-bureaucrat,tourism as a new way of social life has been highly praised by the world,so that in the middle and later Ming Dynasty,an unprecedented scale of popular tourism has formed,which has made Chinese ancient tourism reach another peak.In the Jiangnan area,its tourism activities are most developed due to favorable geographical conditions,well-developed commodity economy,prosperous cities,convenient transportation,long history and profound cultural details.From the point of view of the main part of tourism,in the middle and late Ming Dynasty,as tourism activities became more popular and popular in the Jiangnan area,the composition of tourists in this period became more diversified.In addition to nobles and literati,businessmen,citizens and monks also joined in this upsurge of tourism and became an important part of the tourist group.Among them,literati and scholar-bureaucrat,as a specific social stratum,became thebackbone of tourism activities in the middle and late Ming Dynasty.At the same time,women have also stepped out of their homes and participated in the popular tourism boom,becoming a special group of tourism activities in the middle and late Ming Dynasty.In the middle and late Ming Dynasty,the prosperity and development of tourism activities in Jiangnan area accordingly led to the development of transportation,hotel,catering,entertainment,book publishing and other related industries.On the one hand,With the construction of post road and the Grande Canale,the water and land transportation network in the Jiangnan area has been formed.These water and land transport roads take Nanjing as the center,connecting the South and the north,connecting the various regions of the Jiangnan area.It greatly facilitates the travel of tourists.On the other hand,with the increase of the number of tourists,it has also led to the development of related industries such as accommodation,entertainment and so on.There are many hotels,tea houses,restaurants,theatres and so on.They are all over the country.They are enthusiastic in service and diversified in management methods,which meet the needs of different types of tourists.In addition,the emergence of middlemen and tour guides who specially provided tourism services for tourists and businessmen also reflected the prosperity and commercialization of tourism activities in the middle and late Ming Dynasty.At the same time,the development of tourism activities in Jiangnan area in the middle and late Ming Dynasty also led to the prosperity of tourism literature creation.A large number of travelers have made in-depth exploration of tourism ideology and theory in their tourism literature works,which not only enriched the content of tourism culture in China,but also had a far-reaching impact on the development of tourism in future generations.It can be seen from the above that the vigorous development of tourism activities in the Jingnan area in the middle and late Ming Dynasty had a far-reaching impact on the political,economic,cultural and other social aspects of the region.In recent years,academia has paid more and more attention to the study of tourism activities in Ming Dynasty.There are various research methods and perspectives,butno systematic,in-depth and integrated research has been done on them.This paper will take the tourism activities in Jiangnan area in the middle and late Ming Dynasty as the main object of study,and make a comprehensive and systematic analysis of the various elements of Jiangnan tourism activities in the middle and late Ming Dynasty,in order to broaden the scope of the study of Ming Dynasty history,and at the same time provide historical reference and beneficial inspiration for the sustainable development of modern tourism in China,the development and protection of tourism resources and the inheritance of national culture.The full text is divided into seven chapters.The first chapter is an introduction.It mainly describes the origin of writing,academic value,practical significance,research status at home and abroad,research scope of related concepts,research objectives and methods,and finally summarizes the innovation points and difficulties.Chapter two analyses and expounds the background and reasons of the rise of tourism activities in the middle and late Ming Dynasty from four aspects: social politics,economy,society and ideology.The third chapter summarizes and analyses the composition of tourists and their tourism motivation in Jiangnan area in the middle and late Ming Dynasty.In the middle and late Ming Dynasty,the main body of tourism activities in Jiangnan area was not confined to the privileged classes such as princes and nobles,literati doctors and religious personages,but almost covered all social strata.More and more ordinary citizens,even rural residents,are also participating in the tide of tourism.At the same time,different subjects of tourism activities have different tourism motivations.Chapter IV focuses on the development of transportation,accommodation,entertainment and other industries related to tourism in Jiangnan area in the middle and late Ming Dynasty,and the relationship between them and tourism development.The fifth chapter mainly summarizes the rich natural and human tourism resources and their development in Jiangnan area in the middle and late Ming Dynasty on the basis of historical materials such as anthology and travel notes of Ming Dynasty.In the middle and late Ming Dynasty,the social and political stability,economic development and cultural prosperity of Jiangnan area were relatively stable,and the brilliant civilization of the Chinesenation for thousands of years was upheld,which resulted in rich tourism resources.Famous mountains and rivers,pavilions,temples and historical sites all have a strong longing for tourists.The ancient nostalgia and landscape poetry of the literati in the past dynasties also stimulated tourists' motives for traveling.Chapter Six analyses and discusses the Tourism Thoughts of several Jiangnan tourists who made great achievements in the field of tourism thought in the middle and late Ming Dynasty.In the middle and late Ming Dynasty,a large number of well-known travelers and poets and writers who wrote travel literature emerged in the Jiangnan area.During the process of viewing and visiting,they also actively pondered and explored,and created a large number of excellent tourism literary works,which contained their rich tourism ideas and concepts,and had a far-reaching impact on future generations.The seventh chapter mainly analyses and expounds the impact of tourism activities in Jiangnan area in the middle and late Ming Dynasty from the following aspects: the impact on residents,the impact on social economy,the impact on social culture and the impact on future generations.