The Study Of How Chen Huan Supplement Rites With The Book Of Songs

In the traditional Confucian classics system,etiquette has always occupied the core position.In the Qing Dynasty,the study of etiquette reached its peak,with the most academic achievements and the richest research methods.Confucianism in Qing Dynasty emphasized textual research and was good at textual research on ritual objects from the aspects of writing,phonology and exegesis.At the same time,Confucianism in Qing Dynasty attached great importance to the study of Confucian classics,and often used other classical materials to supplement the study of "Three Rites"."Supplementing rituals with poems" is one of the most commonly used methods of interpreting classics by Confucians in Qing Dynasty.The Book of Songs preserves many ancient rites of the Pre-Qin Dynasty.Biographies,notes,justice and annotations of the past dynasties also contain a lot of ritual information,which can make up for the deficiencies of the Book of Rites.When annotating poems,Chen Huan paid special attention to the collection and textual research of these etiquette information.Therefore,his book ShiMaoShiZhuanShu has a high value of"supplementing rites with poems".This paper makes a systematic study of the methods and achievements of "supplementing rites with the Book of Songs".In the introduction part,this paper first discusses the evolution of the theory of"supplementing rites with the Book of Songs",and then gives a brief introduction to the relevant works of the Qing Dynasty.With the prosperity and development of ritual in Qing Dynasty,the Qing scholars extracted the essence from the theory of "mutual proof of Songs and rites" and developed the ritual research method of "supplementing rites with the Book of Songs".Among the Confucianists of the Qing Dynasty,Chen Huan is a master of supplementing rites.His ShiMaoShiZhuanShu has a systematic study of rites in the Songs,excavating and supplementing the rites of the pre-Qin Dynasty and the rites of predecessors.After the Qing Dynasty,the research method of"supplementing rites with Songs" was seldom applied in the academic circles,and it was only in recent years that it was regained importance.The main content of the first chapter is Chen Huan's explanations on the objects of "Three Rites" Many famous things described in the Book of Songs can be classified into the category of rites.This chapter is divided into six categories,including clothes,jewelry,horses and chariots,music and dance,military equipment and sundries.It includes 15 items at all.Chen Huan used the method of textual research to explain these objects and got many different views from the former Confucianism.For example,in the "pure silk",Chen Huan believed that it was wrong to read "pure" as"silk" in the notes of Zhou Li,and that pure silk should be the meaning of "bundle silk".This article corrects Zheng Xuan's mistakes in the notes of Zhou Li mainly from the angle of exegesis.This is also the main research method of this chapter.The main content of the second chapter is Chen Huan's explanation of etiquette and rites.Referring to the classification of etiquette system in Zhou Li and other books,this chapter is divided into five categories:auspicious etiquette,vicious etiquette,military etiquette,fine etiquette and miscellaneous etiquette.Auspicious etiquette includes four sacrificial rituals,vicious rituals include a funeral rituals,military rituals include three military ceremonies,fine etiquette includes four wedding ceremonies and one dinner etiquette,miscellaneous rituals include four official and academic ceremonies.Among them,auspicious etiquette and fine etiquette are the focus of this chapter.In this chapter,Chen Huan extensively draws lessons from other books and materials to differentiate the etiquette and etiquette in the Book of Songs.He not only interpreted classics from classics,but also attached great importance to the books of the Ministry of History and its sub-ministries,from which he could excavate historical materials to make arguments.For example,in the article "burial in the same cave" Chen Huan enumerated the historical materials in the books such as Han Shu and Yanzi,which served as evidence to illustrate that joint burial is a couple's formal ceremony.Paying attention to interpreting poems with historical materials is also a major feature of Chen Huan's book.The main content of the third chapter is to discuss the inappropriateness of Chen Huan's theory.This chapter is divided into three categories:object,etiquette and text.Object category includes four items of clothing and housing category,and etiquette category includes five items of wedding and dinner rites.Text category includes Chen Huan's correction of classical characters and comparison of four items of Zheng's Notes of Songs and Rites.The author seeks new evidence from other classics and unearthed materials,refutes the unreasonable points in Chen Huan's theory,and tries to draw more perfect conclusions.Such as "Xuancheng" clause,Chen Huan and other Confucianists of Qing Dynasty thought that Xuancheng was "the city lacking south wall" or "the city bending south wall",which did not conform to historical facts.Archaeological discoveries show that the ancient city of pre-Qin Dynasty is not in the south,and whether its walls are bent or not is irregular to follow.The so-called"Xuancheng" is probably just an idea.The reason why Chen Huan made these errors is that the limited data at that time led to misj udgments.The main content of the fourth chapter is six miscellaneous articles,all of which are related to Chen Huan's ritual studies.The first chapter,"Review of the previous studies of ritual",mainly reviews the perspective of the former studies of ritual.Before the Republic of China,the academic circles mainly studied the "Three Rites"in three ways:annotation,ritual theory and ritual map;during the period after the Republic of China,unearthed documents became the main position of ritual research;in recent years,the academic circles have roughly balanced the proportion of traditional documents and unearthed documents.The second,third and fourth chapters are respectively the study of Chen Huan's methods of "interpreting the Songs with rites","annotating the Songs with Zhou Yi" and "proving rites with Zhou Yi".Chen Huan is good at interpreting Confucian classics with classics.The above is the elaborate use of the three Confucian classics of Yi,Songs and Rites.The fifth part lists the main etiquette viewpoints in Chen Huan's book,such as "Songs can make up for the deficiency of rites","Spring and Autumn have changed rites","rites still support the aged" and so on.Chapter Six,Seeing the Gains and Losses of Man's Ritual Studies from Chen Huan,discusses the merits of Confucianism in managing rites in the Qing Dynasty:attaching importance to literary exegesis,being good at interpreting classics by classics,and daring to doubt the old theories;and the mistakes of Confucianism in the Qing Dynasty:neglecting the study of ritual and righteousness by paying too much attention to textual research.Chen Huan's ShiMaoShiZhuanShu is not only a work of the Book of Songs,but also a work of etiquette.It can be said that it is a book of Confucian classics with special value.Through the study of Chen Huan's ritual management methods,we can understand the academic characteristics of the whole Qing Dynasty ritual,and also provide ideas for our future development of ritual.