Cultural Space Shaping In Rural And Suggestions For Its Development

Culture is one of the core factors in development research.Although culture is important,the soil and habitat where culture can be grown are more worthy of further study.The cultural space discussed in this study is different from the specialized vocabulary of intangible cultural heritage protection,instead the cultural space in the context of development which is a generalized concept based on the bottom board of rural communities and a panoramic field with remarkable publicity from the perspective of national governance.This study is based on long-term field observations in northwest China,from which four of the most influential cultural space shaping variables are extracted,they are poverty culture,business culture,elite culture and cultural culture(faith culture),deeply drawing its influence on the processes and results of shaping of cultural space.Then the study explores the implication of the development policy from the aspects of social,economic,political and cultural construction,hoping to respond to the cultural meaning of all-round rural development.By using the case study of qualitative research paradigm,this study takes C village in northwest China as a case,and specifically adopts the logical thinking of extended case method and reduction to absurdity to draw scientific conclusions and policy implications beyond the case.The basic connotation of "cultural space" in the context of development is defined,including its internal structure with three-fold composite system which includes material dimension,practical dimension and spiritual dimension.Besides,its attribute-based multi-functional echelon representation is also extended and analyzed.Cultural space is farmers' livelihood stage,public memory,local order and spiritual home,and is also the normal social state of their daily life.Shaped by the four kinds of subculture,the cultural space emerges as an associative process between "involution" and "elude","corrosion"and "resistance","cooperation" and "alienation" as well as "separation" and "escape".After being continuously compressed,cut,distorted and dominated,the cultural space presents the trend of involution,delayering,distortion and multi-centralization.Among the competition and squeeze of the four shaping cultures,the cultural space is intertwined with timeliness,spatiality and sociality,and finally presents a "tangled development".As a result,farmers' self-sustaining expression,choice,opportunity,ability and dignity are becoming increasingly narrow.The study finds that the cultural space encounters the overlapping crowding of multiple forces,resulting in the "development without subject"and the virtual allocation of rural public cultural resources.Such segregated,structured and even alienated cultural space firmly attracts farmers,seriously hindering the free and all-round development of human beings,and further hampering the rural development.Cultural space has evolved into the object,tool or premise of national governance's"the last one kilometer",containing abundant meaning of modern governance.The ultimate goal of human development is from "inevitable kingdom" to "realm of freedom"and from "inadequate unbalance" to "comprehensive development".In this way,the policy implications with four dimensions can be included.First,from the perspective of social development,provide equal access to urban and rural public services,build a multi-level social support network,break the vicious cycle of poverty culture to reinforce the first development quantification of "material prosperity".Second,from the perspective of economic construction,build a platform with fair and just market economy to guide the commercial culture's concept on interests and the win-win cooperation concept of the market,and finally to avoid agricultural operational risks,enhance farmers'competitiveness and protect farmers' land,property rights and other economic rights.Thirdly,from the perspective of political construction,the governance integrated with self-governing,moral governing and legal governing transfers national governance's center deeper to the grassroots.The government dedicates itself to community construction,rebuilds the organic connection between elites and community groups,and returns to the subjectivity of farmers' development.Fourth,from the perspective of cultural construction,the governance improve the community-level system of modern public cultural services,equalize the supply of public cultural services,promote the cultural governance model,which takes government as a core with multi-participants elements,containing market,society,individual and so on,and finally widens the "education project" which can improve farmers' feasible ability.Besides,the governance permeates the socialist core values into the community and cultivates rational mainstream culture that can represent the direction of advanced culture.In this way,a friendly cultural space will be created together,agricultural modernization in rural areas and rural revitalization of the Chinese dream is ensured and farmers are empowered to acquire cultural awareness and cultural self-confidence to realize free and comprehensive development path with cultural connotation.The possible innovative points in this study are listed as follows.First,the topic selection itself is innovative.It expands the cultural space to the framework of development policy.Besides,the reverse thinking is the innovation of the research method.It studies cultural space by means of reduction to absurdity.In addition,the construction of the four-dimensional analytical framework of "poverty culture—business culture—elite culture—faith culture" is an innovation of the theoretical framework of micro research.