Research On Yingwei Theory Of Traditional Chinese Medicine Based On Wang Ji's "On Yingwei"

ObjectiveWang Ji,in the Ming dynasty,wrote an article named with "the discussion of nu-tritive-qi&defensive-qi".The understanding of nutritive-qi&defensive-qi from Wang ji,was different from that cognition in Huang Di Nei Jing,and the research about his u-nderstanding was deficient based on literature review."Theory of nutritive-qi&defense-ve-qi" had its own unique characteristics,and the research about its origin,connotati-on in Huang Di Nei Jing and the development in later generations was deficient.The-refore this research aimmed to clarify the concepts of the understanding of nutritive-q-i&defensive-qi from Wang ji,as well as retrospect the origin of "theory of nutritive-qi&defensive-qi",figure out the differences of connotations of nutritive-qi&defensive-qi in Huang Di Nei Jing,and explore their changes in the historic causes.MethodThe research adopt many methods,such as bibliographic retrieval,induction&dedu-ction,analysis&synthesis,textual bibliography,critical interpretation of ancient texts,c-hinese phonology and literature and so on.Research was divided into four parts in fellow(These four chapters,in addition to articles on Wang Ji’s thought of nutritive-qi&defensive-qi,other three were the whole research "theory of nutritive-qi&defensive-qi"):1.Wang Ji’s academic thought and discussion on the ideas of the theory of nutrit-ive-qi&defensive-qi:analyzing the understangding of nutritive-qi&defensive-qi,synthesi-zing all opinions,inducting and deducting the medicine ideology of these opinions,a-nd exploring the origin of ideology deeply.2.Textual research on origin of nutritive-qi&defensive-qi:textual researching the word meanings of nutritive-qi and defensive-qi by critical interpretation of ancient text-s,engaging in archaeological studies on words and sections in Huang Di Nei Jing b-y textual bibliography and chinese phonology and literature,inquiriing the literature re-cordings(except Huang Di Nei Jing)in the Han Dynasty ang before,and inferring t-he origin period of the theory of nutritive-qi&defensive-qi at last.3.Analysis of the theory of nutritive-qi&defensive-qi in Huang Di Nei Jing:choo-sing the proper edition of Huang Di Nei Jing by textual bibliography,picking out th-e sections about nutritive-qi&defensive-qi from the book of Huang Di Nei Jing,and classifying and analyzing the sections to present the connotations.4.Discussions of many doctors on nutritive-qi&defensive-qi after the period of Hu-ang Di Nei Jing:searching the document literature about nutritive-qi&defensive-qi,an-alyzing the differences between these understandings from later doctors and the conn-otations in Huang Di Nei Jing,and inducting these difference to deduct the characters of development of the theory of nutritive-qi&defensive-qi.Result1.In the first chapter,the researcher knew Wang ji’s knowledge of nutritive-qi&d-efensive-qi,such as "yin-yang as the whole,so nutritive-qi&defensive-qi as the whol-e","defensive-qi as yang-qi of nature,was not need to be reinforced,if it was defici-ent,the life would be dead","nutritive-qi had qi and blood together,and the deficien-ce of the body meaned nutritive-qi was deficien" and so on.By analysizing these k-nowledges,the researcher found the distinctive feature of Wang ji was "considering Ya-ng as life base" and "considering Qi as life master",which were linked with the the-ory of I Ching.2.In the second chapter,the analysis of critical interpretation of ancient texts ma-inly confirmed the original meaning of nutritive-qi&defensive-qi in medicine,and fou-nd they had the same meaning of surrounding,the researches of bibliology investigate-d Ling Shu and found none,and in chinese phonology,the researcher found some se-ntences about nutritive-qi&defensive-qi had the features of the Western Han Dynasty.At last,the researcher inquiried the literature recordings(except Huang Di Nei Jing)in the Han Dynasty ang before,and found some recordings in the literature of the Easte-rn Han Dynasty.3.In the third chapter,the research mainly was divided into two rections of con-notation and application of nutritive-qi&defensive-qi,which refered to the discussions of building,texture,characteristics,transmissions of nutritive-qi&defensive-qi and the relationships between zang-fu organs(triple energizer,meridian,qi-blood)and nutritive-qi&defensive-qi,and the applications in diagnosis of diseases and treatments.Finally,t-he researcher summarized the relationships between nutritive-qi&defensive-qi and pect-oral-qi(original-qi,meridian,qi-blood).4.In the forth chapter,the researcher discussed the changes of the knowledge of nutritive-qi&defensive-qi after the period of Huang Di Nei Jing,summarized the featur-es of changes and found these new knowledges still were on the basis of the conce-ptions of nutritive-qi&defensive-qi of Huang Di Nei Jing,just enriched more relations-hips between other theories of the traditional chinese medicine(such as zang-fu orga-ns,triple energizer,meridian,qi-blood,six-meridians,external pathogenic factors,theor-y of I Ching,etc.)and nutritive-qi&defensive-qi.ConclusionThe researcher analized the differences between the knowledge of nutritive-qi&def-ensive-qi from Wang ji and the conceptions of nutritive-qi&defensive-qi in Huang Di Nei Jing,and found the knowledge of nutritive-qi&defensive-qi from Wang ji actually were Yin and Yang,and defensive-qi was pure yang-qi of nature and the base of lif-e,which was like original-qi and not need to be reinforced.It was different from th-e opinions in Huang Di Nei Jing.Nutritive-qi transmitted in the body,and covered qi and blood(yin and yang)except pure yang-qi.In fact,reinforcing qi(reinforc-ing yan-g)was reinforcing the qi(yang)of nutritive-qi,as well as reinforcing blood(yin)wa-s reinforcing the blood(yin)of nutritive-qi,or just reinforcing nutritive-qi because o-f nutritive-qi was yin compared to defensive-qi.Therefore,the deficience of body mea-ned the deficience of nutritive-qi.The basic theory of "nutritive-qi&defensive-qi as th-e whole" was "yin-yang as the whole" from I Ching,not was that nutritive-qi and d-efensive-qi had the same energy origin in Huang Di Nei Jing.The theory of nutritiv-e-qi&defensive-qi was necessary in the dependment of Traditional Chinese medicine.T-he changes of this theory were belong to the culture of historic period.Except suchthe studies of literature and theory,there would be many new methods to study the t heor-y of nutritive-qi&defensive-qi.