Research On Emission Characterisics Of Main Pollutants And Analysis Of Sources Of PM₁₀ And PM_2.5 In A Typical North-China City

This study takes Jiaozuo as a research object.A large collection of samples of atmospheric particles PM_2.and PM₁₀ are taken.Precision instrument analysis,chemical analysis and statistical methods are used to analyze sources of sample,and analyze the pollution characteristics and fomation of of atmospheric particles.The source spectrum of the local pollution source of Jiaozuo City was established,and a list of the atmospheric emission source of Jiaozuo City was established,and the different emission sources were calculated by means of the Acceptor model.The main conclusion of the contribution of PM_2.and PM₁₀ is as follows:.?1?According to Jiaozuo City fossil fuel fixed combustion source,industrial process source,waste disposal source,dust source,storage transport source,solvent use source,mobile source?non-road vehicle source and road vehicle source?,agricultural sourc,etc.,the initial calculation results of the emission list of the sources of atmospheric pollutants,in Jiaozuo in 2015,are as following:SO2:75128.9t,NOx:137672.8t,CO:470837t,PM10:60095.3t,PM2.5:37062.6t,BC:3199.9t,OC:3607.2t,VOC_S:47455.8t,NH₃:32159.2t.As a result of the contribution of emission sources to Jiaozuo City,the main emission source of SO₂ is the burning source of fossil fuels,and its emission rate is98.42%.Among them electric power production and civil combustion in the burning source of fossil fuels are 37.84%and 20.32%;The main source of NOx is the fossil fuel fixed combustion source,followed by the road mobile source,their emission contribution rates are 68.87%and 28.48%;The first large emission source of VOC_S is the emission of road mobile source,the contribution rate is 38.35%,mainly from the exhaust emission of motor vehicles,and the second largest source is the use of organic solvents with a rate of 36.32%.From the solvent use of the industry,the primary industry of VOCs is the coating and ink manufacturing industry,followed by rubber products industry.The primary emission source of NH₃ is the agricultural source,and the contribution rate is 89.53%%,among which the largest two sources are the breeding of livestock and poultry and the use of nitrogen fertilizer.The primary emission source of PM₁₀ is the fixed combustion source,followed by the dust source,the process source and the biomass combustion source,the emission contribution rate is 26.68%,26.53%,26.25 and 11.86%.;The primary emission source of PM_2.5 is industrial process source36.82%,followed by the fixed combustion source 34.40%,biomass combustion source10.05%and road mobile source 9.42%.Among industrial process source,nonferrous metal smelting,press and stretch processing industry.accounted for 22.24%of total emissions,mainly by Aluminum industry;and nonmetallic mineral products industry accounted for 8.97%of total emissions,mainly by cements factories.Jiaozuo City's sulfur dioxide emissions are mainly concentrated in Macun Distict,with a proportion of 42.11%?27731.9 tons?;Secondly,Jiefang District?13.07%,8603.4tons?,Shanyang Distict?9.63%,6338.5 tons?,Qinyang City?9.16%,6030.0 tons?,Wuzhi County?7.59%,4998.1%?and Zhongzhan District?7.12%,4868.4 tons?.Nitrogen oxide emissions are mainly concentrated in Macun Distict,accounting for57.09%?34770.3 tons?;Next is Shanyang Distict?9.62%,5857.1 tons?and Jiefang Districct?9.59%,5837.8 tons?,and most of the nitrogen oxides in districts and counties are from industrial sources.The ratio is more than 58.9%%.Jiaozuo City's Atmospherical particles emissions are mainly concentrated in Jiefang District and Shanyang Distict,accounting for 29.72%?5014.5 tons?and 16.42%?2948.8 tons?.?2?By chemical analysing,component spectrums of sources and acceptor are established.Through PMF modelling,the main sources and contribution to PM₁₀ are coal combustion 36%,dust 24%,industrial process 17%,vehicle exhaust 13%,biomass burning 5%.While coal combustion includes low efficient burning 26%and high efficient burning 10%.The main sources and contribution to PM_2.5 are coal combustion 37%,industrial process 23%,biomass burning 12%,vehicle exhaust 11%,dust 10%.While coal combustion includes low efficient burning 28%and high efficient burning 9%.?3?By online SPAMS analysis,the main sources and contribution to PM_2.5 are coal combustion 32.6%,industrial process 24%,vehicle exhaust 16.6%,dust 13%,second inorganic formation 9.7%,biomass burning 3%.?4?By comparing PM_2.5 in Jiaozuo with other cities in the country,the source of the burning source is higher than that of other cities,similar to Liuzhou,Nanjing and Jinan.The industrial process source is close to other cities.The contribution of the motor vehicle is slightly lower than that of other cities.Dust source and biomass burning source also have some contribution to Jiaozuo.?5?Coal combustion sources have the greatest contribution to PM10 and PM2.5.Dust sources and industrial process have the 2nd and 3rd place of contribution to PM₁₀.The vehicle exhaust and the biomass combustion have the 4^th or 5^th palce of contribution to PM10.Industrial process,biomass combustion,vehicle exhaust,dust have the 2^nd,3^rd,4^th and 5^th places of contribution to PM_2.5.Dust sources have larger contribution to PM₁₀ than to PM_2.5,while biomass combustion and industrial process sources have larger contribution PM2.5 to than to PM10.