Research On The Relationship Between Perceived Organizational Support, Employees' Positive Emotions And Employees' Loyalty

Since 2001, China has bcome the member of World Trade Organization. China's economy keep growing in recent years. Not only the commercial activities between China and other countries increased, but also many foreigners come to travel. There are 89 million people entered China in 2001(???,2002)and it growth to 135 million in 2011(?????????,2012).In other words, the number of imigrants increased more than 50% in the past 10 years. This is a good opportunity for China's aviation industry to have fast development, but it may cause some troubles to it.The number of tourists increased will bring a lot of income to Chinese aviation companies. However, Chinese aviation companies are facing the problem of labor shortage. In this industry, the front line staffs do not have stable working hours and places. This is a problem to them as Chinese emphasis on family, the unstable working hours and working places would affect people's family life.Therefore, many front line staffs quit their job after working in the industry for few years. This is a serious issue in this industry.At the end of 2012, Chinese government set up a new rule-front line staffs can not exceed 850 working hours per year. The new rule will be started since August 2013. It means that the new rule will increase the demand of front line staffs. In the short run, it will cause the poor service quality. In the long run, it will increase the operation costs of the companies and affect their development. In short, how to retain the staffs become one of the most important issues to the companies.Normally, company provides more benefits, such as salaries, housing allowance, to it's staffs when it wants to retain them. It means that the operation costs will be increased. In China, aviation industry is highly competitive, there is no room for the companies to increase employees'benfits. Therefore, companies should use other methods that would not increase the costs sharply. One of the possible methods is to increase the organizational justice. In the academic field, researchers seldom focus on the relationship between employees'positive emotions and employees'loyalty. Most of the previous papers concentrated on the relationship between employees'work satisfaction and employees'loyalty. Almost non of the researcher use the front line staffs of Chinese aviation industry as the sample. As we understand that the problem is serious and scholars do not have possible solutions to it. Therefore, this study would use front line staffs of Chinese aviation industry as sample to find out the relation between perceived organizational support, perceived organizational justice, employees'loyalty and employees'positive emotions.This study mainly uses questionnaire to collect data. In the questionnaire, the questions are in the five points likert scale. Other than that, we would select some particpants to have further interview after the data analysis processes. As the front line staffs need to work in different time and places, it is hard for us to collect data, so we used snowball sampling other than radomn sampling to increase the sample size.After a month for collecting questionnaires, this study received 210 responses and 10 of them haven't completed. In other words, this study contains 200 samples and the respond rate is around 80%. Most of the respondents are female and within the age range between 25 and 44. The largest proportion of them have secondary and associate degree education level. Nearly 60% of them are ground crew and their average working years are 8 years. It is similar to the reality. After using SPSS and Amos to analyze the data, we found that most of the hypothesis are accepted, only perceived supervisor support does not have any relationship with employees positive emotion. This result is surprised to us, so we have done two interviewees with interviewers to find out the reasons behind. The interviewees mentioned that supervisors do not have real power to make decisions. They can not help the front line staffs to fight for their rights, such as increase salaries and holidays. Therefore, they believed that there is no relationship between these two factors.As we found that most of the hypothesis are accepted, so some possible methods that can help the organziations to retain the front line staffs are raised. In the last part of this article, we have stated the limitations of this study and the future research directions on related area.