Study On Employment Discrimination And Income Inequality Of The New Generation Migrant Workers In China

With economic development and the deepening of reform in China,"market-determined price" mechanism is playing an increasingly important role in the process of income distribution.But at the same time,employment of Chinese urban labor market and the income gap problem have become increasingly prominent.A lot of data show that income difference between China's migrant workers and urban residents is growing disparity.In the Chinese urban labor market segmentation pluralistic environment,the new generation of migrant workers to the employment and income expectations there is a big gap between their actual employment situation in the labor market and the city,followed by "labor shortage" "shortage of skilled workers" and other labor shortages began in the southeast coast and spread inland in some areas,not only for local economic development has a negative impact,and has become a major issues that affect our population and economy,society coordinated and sustainable development.Fundamentally solve this problem;the first generation of migrant workers will need to address the issue of employment and income in the case of the urban labor market segmentation.This study is mainly based on labor market segmentation as the starting point of analysis,is committed to answering the following questions:the new generation of migrant workers income and urban residents compared to the gap is how much?How much of this is due to inequality?Urban and rural areas,industry,regional division will cause the new generation of migrant workers in urban employment in the process of employment discrimination and income inequality?What measures can be taken to eliminate the new generation of migrant workers employment discrimination and income inequality?In this study,based on macro and micro data survey data CHIP,and in the process of rapid transformation of the economic system,the new generation of differences in the distribution of occupations and industries between migrant workers and urban citizens as well as within the group of men and women labor,and factors,the new generation of farmers the extent of discrimination and work inside the female labor force in employment suffered,the new generation of migrant workers pay discrimination issues in different regions and income discrimination in jobs in the industry and were studied.Research indicates:1.The gap between individual and inter-group employees is partly explained by the difference of individual endowments.The other results indicate that the difference is mainly the employment discrimination of the new generation of migrant workers and the female labor force Caused.2.Are present either within the group or between groups of men and women in the profession and to get industry into a certain degree of difference,and the difference between the individual endowment can only explain part of the difference,the difference is largely the newborn employment discrimination generation of migrant workers as well as the female labor force suffered caused.Occupational obtained,compared with urban public discrimination on the new generation of migrant workers in high-wage occupations professional and technical personnel and clerical staff get two types of occupations,and the person in charge of the unit,equipment operators and commercial and service personnel the presence of anti-discrimination on the occupation obtained.Female labor all discrimination on the person in charge,the staff and equipment operators get three professions.And in the commercial and service personnel to obtain professional presence of anti-discrimination in public urban female labor.Both groups were female labor discrimination in professional and technical personnel and production staff to obtain professional.3.In the industry into context,compared with the urban community,there is a certain generation of migrant workers into the middle-discrimination in wage industry.In respect to the entry of the first and third categories of the industry,the new generation of migrant workers is the existence of anti-discrimination.Gender discrimination,the existence of anti-discrimination in the female labor force into the low-wage sector of the new generation of migrant workers.On entering the medium-wage industries,discrimination generation of migrant workers in the female labor force.On entering high-wage industries,the existence of anti-discrimination generation of migrant workers in the female labor force.4.The regional economic development,the better,the greater the generation of migrant workers and urban residents wage differentials.Regional economic development,the better,the higher the returns to schooling,but inequality has increased the returns to education problems of wage differentials generation of migrant workers and urban residents are more prominent.Generation of migrant workers pay discrimination in various regional economic development are present,but the new generation of migrant workers pay discrimination and regional economic developrment and the economic environment did not show much of a correlation.The highest level of economic development of the new generation of migrant workers 1 zone deeper levels of income discrimination,economic development of the underdeveloped region 3 migrant workers pay discrimination covers a wide range,the other two economic regions of migrant workers pay discrimination is not representative.5.From the industry perspective,Manufacturing,generation of migrant workers and urban residents wage differentials large construction,science,education,government agencies,and small wage differences.Labor-intensive,more labor-intensive industries,small generation of migrant workers wage discrimination.Distribution from the industry's generation of migrant workers pay discrimination,the finance and insurance sector wage discrimination is more serious;science,education,telecommunications,transport sector wage discrimination should be worthy of attention;smaller government wage discrimination;catering and retail industries serious wage discrimination;manufacturing,construction,other services less wage discrimination.6.From distributed generation of migrant workers job discrimination in terms of income,catering,retail presence both more serious job wage discrimination,there are also more serious job promotion discrimination;finance,insurance,transportation,post and telecommunications industry,hardly job promotion discrimination exists,but the job wage discrimination concern;construction,manufacturing,migrant workers there is no other service job wage discrimination,but there is job promotion discrimination;smaller government agencies and industry,science,education,job discrimination against migrant workers.Finally,on the basis of research and analysis on policy recommendations to improve the generation of migrant workers employment and income inequality.Eliminate generation of migrant workers on the basis of employment and income inequality,that is,in the system in a thorough reform of the household registration system.Household registration system and social factors limit the free movement of labor,resulting in multi-segmented urban labor market;it is the root cause of the household registration discrimination.Therefore,to increase the household registration system,reform the employment system and social security system,to build urban and rural and regional integration,efficient fair and open labor market,employment and welfare and decoupling accounts,improve the foreign population in obtaining employment,wages as well as on the status of benefits in order to reduce or even eliminate the discriminatory hukou household registration system and related against immigrants.On this basis,the introduction of anti-discrimination employment laws and regulations,in order to improve the anti-employment discrimination law system;generation of migrant workers to improve the quality of the structure,in order to ease the contradiction between supply and demand of labor;promote urban welfare reform,to achieve the equalization of public services;elimination of the labor market multiple segmentation to improve labor market operation mechanism.