The Philosophical Study Of Marx's Human Emancipation

In several thousand years of human civilization,the pursuit of human liberation has been not only an eternal topic,but also the practice in the process of the evolution of the human being an eternal goal.Nearly a century of human social development history shows that the liberation of the people is not only the premise of social development,and eventually point of social development.Especially in Marx's system,scientific and complete theory system,the people emancipate the mind which is both throughout a red line,and also a lofty ideals of Marx's fight for life.Human liberation thoughts constitute the beginning the theory of Marx's whole thought system,main content and the final destination.Marx's liberation of thought as the theme of the thesis,mainly to the main content of Marx's people's liberation and profound meaning to make a thorough understanding and in-depth research.Feudalism disintegration of the age in which Marx lived in Germany capitalism rise time,his people to emancipate the mind is in such an era of capital materialization and alienation,his thoughts in criticism of the contemporary capitalism exploitation system,and the ultimate goal of his ideas is through from capitalist exploitation control nature makes people return to their own freedom,to obtain the thorough liberation.Therefore,Marx's human liberation thought has the precious historical value.Marx's thinking is unique is that his thought is not only applicable to that era,he live in also applies to the contemporary,and the pursuit of human liberation as the contemporary society,provides valuable theory basis.So,to the Marx person's in-depth research and analysis on the emancipating the mind,not only has theoretical value which also has practical significance.This article about study on the philosophy of Marx's human liberation thought mainly consists of four chapters:The first chapter is made up of the theory origin,historical background and the main factors such as three aspects to elaborate Marx human emancipate the mind.Therefore,this chapter is the logic starting point of Marx human's liberation.Since the ancient times,human's liberation has always been the highest value pursue and goal.Including the Renaissance humanism,the French bourgeoisie of scientific,rational and the human theory in German classical philosophy and humanistic thought of utopian socialism,theory about human are numerous thinkers since the middle ages to the person's freedom and liberation continuously the pursuit of the theory of essence,these theories of emancipating the mind has become the Marx's theory of origins.The era of Marx lived is the age of the development of capitalism.Bourgeois in political status,to overthrow the feudal rule of the developing capitalist economy,and in promoting the development of human society in the process of progressive significance.But with the continuous development of capitalism,the shortcomings of its existence gradually revealed,people living in the alienation of people,the alienation of content.Capitalist society's inner contradiction intensified,the worker movement,gradually rising,but the development of capitalist economy for the establishment of a new society laid the material foundation and class basis.Marx in this environment to grow up,due to the influence of free thought and the influence of family environment,he was in high school which reflects the yearning for freedom,and set up the lofty ideals of work for the pursuit of happiness.While studying at the University of Berlin and writing his doctoral thesis,he forms human liberation thoughts have laid a solid theoretical foundation and prerequisite.The second chapter mainly elaborates the Marx person's liberation from the ideal to guide the real revolutionary ideas,it is composed of theoretical exploration:understanding of freedom in actual struggle;Theory established:find free approaches to the study of the people's liberation;Theory:human liberation proposition of argument and the birth of historical materialism;Theory development:communist theoretical arguments and in the actual revolutionary movement test its scientific nature and so on several parts.Graduated from Marx,continue to pursue the way of how to make people free.Prussia from his critique of the government's books and newspapers began to check system,the real,involved in the actual political freedom struggle in debate with the reactionary forces,began his materialist point of view,in the process of debate,he found that philosophy should be a rational practice philosophy,and to realize personal material interests determines the country and the method.And in the process of his criticism of Hegel's idea of constantly explore the road of human liberation,thus put forward the liberation of the core theme.But after he studied the bourgeois revolution,found by bourgeois revolution of political liberation can't really make the person is liberated,instead he began to criticize the civil society,to research the national economics.But,want to get liberation must understand what is the nature of people,researchers will have to return to the nature of philosophy,Marx once again study Hegel's view of history and Feuerbach's humanism,and through the critique of the national economics,find the root of the capitalist private ownership,alienated labor.Marx's historical materialism is the critique of Hegel's idealism and Feuerbach's humanistic materialism dialectics in the process of gradually formed.At the same time,the workers' movement in guidance specific revolutionary movement in Marx's inspection of the communist theory is scientific.The next European revolution has helped to start criticizing capitalism,Marx further system research of national economics,after 20 years,writing a magnum opus of economics "Das Kapital",establishing scientific political economics and late in life to anthropological research.The third chapter is made up of political liberation of emancipating the mind,economic liberation,labour liberation and so on three aspects to elaborate the multiple dimensions of human liberation thought.After being in the Rhine newspaper editor,Marx began to study its relationship with material benefits,but after a real revolutionary practice,he found that the pursuit of pure political liberation can't solve the problem of people in material possession,capitalist political emancipation is not a real political liberation,it is impossible to achieve the liberation of the people.The proletariat,to liberate people as decision power,shouldering the important mission of liberation of humanity,so the political emancipation of the proletariat is to realize the political premise of human liberation.He was formed on the basis of summarizing the predecessors' theory,the concept of productivity and production relations,and found that the contradiction between productivity and production relations is the primary sources of social change,and the core problem of the economic liberation is to change the old relations of production,elimination of private ownership and the old division of labor.And he came to the conclusion of labor is man's nature and features,and alienated labor is the living conditions of people in the capitalist society.So,labour liberation is the practical way to discard alienation labor,makes a man from the alienated labor to work independently,as well as the abolition of the capitalist system of wage labor,give a person with more disposable,free time,only in this way can truly realize the liberation of the people's labor.The fourth chapter mainly elaborates the people political liberation,economic liberation and the liberation of labor,which achieve the ultimate goal of human liberation or highest value target is people's free all-round development.What Marx's free comprehensive development of "people" referred to in different philosophers"abstract person",but to the reality person.Marx thought the sum of all social relations is the reality of human nature and man is the natural attribute,social attribute and the unity of the spirit attribute,in order to realize free all-round development of people must go beyond these three attributes.First of all,to transcend man's nature,must be achieved through scientific and technological progress,because the material production practice is the embodiment of man's nature,science and technology progress is the source of human development and productivity development,the development of science and technology breaks through the person's physical limitations to enhance the function of the body of the people.Second,to transcend social attributes,must be achieved through institutional innovation.People only is constantly in the process of social communication,to realize its social attribute,and between people would be able to in the mediation and guarantee of social interaction is a system,therefore,only by system innovation to overcome the existing social and conditionality and give a person with independent development of the social space.Third,we should transcend man's spiritual attribute,you should know that mental properties are the characteristic of rational thinking,philosophy thinking and is one of the main ways of the people consciousness activity.The main function of philosophy is to criticize the existing thoughts and reflection,so as to go beyond the human spirit which attribute must be critical reflection on the realistic ideal in order to realize the transcendence of human consciousness,so as to achieve properties beyond the human spirit.