Study On The Mortality Of Occupational Groups With Air Pollution And The Epigenetic Regulation With Nickel Exposure

Objectives: To analyze the impact of major air pollutants on death of occupational groups in Jinchang; to understand the proportion of death cause and all-cause mortality,determine the sequence of death cause and main disease,and explore the disease burden of death in occupational groups, in order to provide basic evidence for the population-based intervention; To analyze the impact of nickel smelting environment on the changes of biomarker,such as biochemical index, lung development and repairment, epigenetic regulation, and the time - effect relationship, in order to provide scientific basis for identifying the biomarkers of health damage in nickel smelting workers.Methods: (1) To analyze the monitoring data of air automatic monitoring system in main urban area of Jinchang city from 2007 to 2011,and apply the GAM model to analyze the impact of SO2 and NO2 on the death. (2) To analyze the death data of occupational population from 2001 to 2010 through crude mortality, standardized mortality, the proportion of death cause, the subsequence of death cause, and the index of were used to demonstrate the disease burden of the population exposed to nickel. And we calculate the standardized mortality of each occupational microenvironment population by referring to monitoring death data in Gansu province in 2004.(3)The method of ELISA was to performed to measure the Cited2, HDAC, DNMT1, H3K4me3 and STAT5, and the enzyme direct method was performed to detect the changes of biochemical index in different exposure period.Results: (1) During 2007 to 2011,there was a significant downward trend on the annual concentrations of SO2 in main urban area of Jinchang city, and the annual average concentrations of NO2 and PM10 did not experience obvious decreased tendency, but in the past five years SO2 was the primary pollutant in Jinchang city. The concentrations of SO2 and NO2 in the first quarter and the fourth quarter were higher than those in the second and third quarters, the annual concentrations of PM10 were higher in the first, second and fourth quarters, and slightly lower in the third quarters. The concentrations of SO2 in the department of transportation monitoring point was higher than that in the other two monitoring points, the annual concentrations of NO2 in the second hostel which is in the living quarters was significantly higher than that in industrial district transportation monitoring point; The relative risk of death in occupational population was increased as the concentration of SO2 increasing rather than the concentration of NO2. the impact of SO2 on death in female was greater than that in male.(2) During 2001 to 2010, cancer was the most dominated disease in those occupational population; cancer had the biggest pecentage(33.41%), and the highest standardized mortality (163.62/100000). Respiratory disease was the third leading cause of death in occupational population, and the growth rate was the fastest in each system disease ( the speed was 16.58%). Of all the death cases, the proportion and mortality among maleworkers were significantly higher than those in female worker; 2179 male (84.59%)and 397 female (15.41%) respectively died, In each occupational position, all cause mortality and lung cancer mortality among the mining worker were on the top; , The risk of lung cancer mortality among thosemining workers was 2.05 times as high as the general population in Gansu province.(3) There were significant differences on the indicators of epigenetic regulation between nickel smelting workers and office workers,and there was a well-established time-effect relationship. The levels of Cited2, DNMT1 and H3K4me3 in nickel smelting workers were significantly higher than those in office workers, while the levels of HDAC, STAT5 and H3K27me3 in nickel smelting workers were significantly lower than those in office workers.Conclusion: The relative risk of death in the occupational population is increased with the concentration of SO2 increasing, then was positively related to the NO2, and the impact of SO2 on death among female was greater than among male. Cancer is the main cause of death in the occupational population,especially lung cancer. the risk of mortality of lung cancer in occupational population is 2.05 times as high as general population in Gansu province. There were significant differences on the indicators of epigenetic regulation between nickel smelting workers and office workers, and there was a well-established time-effect relationship.