| Objective discrimination and evaluation of the properties of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) is the key issues of modernization of traditional Chinese medicine. The properties of traditional Chinese medicine(PTCM) is the properties and effects of chinese herbal medicine(CHM) associated with therapeutic effect. However, in the process of formation, development and application of the traditional Chinese medicine theory, due to the limitation of the scientific and technology, the source of knowledge of the properties of traditional chinese medicine(PTCM) comes from clinical experience. The expression of PTCM has the characteristic of ambiguity and subjectivity. The lack of the objective and quantitative indicators in the clinical application of the TCM, which affect the evaluation of safety and effectiveness of Chinese medicine, hinders the modernization and internationalization of TCM. Therefore, how to reveal the scientific connotation of the traditional Chinese medicine, and realize the quantitative and objective of the traditional Chinese medicine, is a problem which needs to be solved urgently.The application of CHM is based on its PTCM rather than chemical composition, but material composition contained in CHM is very complicated, It’s difficult to research clearly each component under current technology condition. So this needs the overall evaluation under the condition of all the chemical composition unclear..Ultra weak luminescence is a common phenomenon in nature, and widely exists in various biological systems such as animals, plants and microbes and so on. It is a function is inherent in the biology. Ultra weak luminescence derived from the excited state to an ground state of biological molecules is sensitive to the change of external environment and internal structure, and closely related to photosynthesis, oxidative metabolism, information transfer, cell proliferation differentiation and apoptosis, physiological. Through the detection and analysis of the ultra weak luminescence, we can get the whole information of biological systems. Ultra weak luminescence intensity is extremely weak. The construction of the ultra weak luminescence detection system provide experimental conditions for ultra weak luminescence detection. It has the advantages of non-invasion, high sensitivity, fast and reliable, which can provide comprehensive index of biological systems. To date, ultra weak luminescence has been used to research the the classification and identification in tumor cells and plant seed, but in the classification and identification of TCM, especially PTCM has not been reported yet.Based on the previous research, an ultra-weak luminescence detection system was built. By using the biophoton detection system, we detected the delayed luminescence of different properties of traditional Chinese herbs. Through analysis the delayed luminescence kinetics curves, we investigate the relationship between parameters of delayed luminescence and cold and hot property of TCM, and verify our hypothesis. At the same time, this thesis is based on the holistic view of Chinese traditional medicine, and has established the quantitative method of the properties of traditional Chinese medicine, which provides a new way for the research on the quality control and evaluation system of TCM.The main contents:PART I The construction of the ultra weak luminescence detection systemThe intensity of ultra-weak luminescence is extremely weak, and it is difficult to detect with general testing methods. So, the detection of ultra weak emission needs a high sensitivity and low background noise photoelectric detection instrument. Base on sufficient survey, our lab and Meluna R.V has together developed an ultra-weak emission detection system, providing a favorable tool and method for the detection of the spontaneous luminescence of biological systems and delayed luminescenceThe ultra-weak luminescence detection system, using the high sensitivity photomultiplier tube, increases the detection area, and improves the detection efficiency. The modular and automation design provides a convenient maintenance and reduces the influence of man-made interference on the experimental results. The design of dark room will be helpful for the placement of samples and testing, and to reduce the effect of outside light through the switch Settings. The electromagnetic shielding design reduces the interference of the external electromagnetic signal and electric current wave of the ultra-weak emission detection system. Filter system adopts high light transmittance long pass filter. The background noise of GG395 77 CPS and GG455 is 22 CPS, the other filters are lower than 15 CPS. The filter system provides tool for the spectrum analysis of delayed luminescence.Finally, with the condition that the photomultiplier was cooled to minus 22 to 25 ℃, the background noise of ultra weak emission detection system under the "Background" model is around 10 CPS; The background noise in the SE measurement mode is around 15 CPS; the high SNR of ultra weak luminescence detection system for dry CHM provides the conditions for traditional Chinese medicine.PART II The correlation of delayed luminescence and the properties of Chinese medicine medicinalFirst of all, based on the ultra-weak emission detection system, we explore the influence factors of delayed luminescence of powder of dry Chinese herbal medicine, and optimize the experimental conditions. Ultimately, we establish the experiment system of delayed luminescence. It was found that the excitation light source, different water content of sample and the sample particle size has a significant effect on the delayed luminescence. For subsequent comparative experiment results, we established standard experimental conditions:laboratory temperature 22 ℃, RH50%; photomultiplier controls cool for 2 hours, constant temperature for -23 ℃; petri dish with 5 cm in diameter,5 g Chinese medicine samples; excitation light source for white light, the illumination time for 10 s. The sample particle size screen with Chinese traditional medicine screening of 80-120 mesh sizes; sample moisture content control method is continuous dry in dryer 16 h. the interval time is 1 s, amount to 200, measurement repeat three times. All tests are in accordance with the above conditions.Secondly, we prepared samples from 32 herbal rhizomes and 24 herbal roots from the Chinese pharmacopoeia (2010). Rhizomes and roots are grown in the ground, and their shape and texture are very similar. Using weak emission detection system, we get delayed luminescence kinetics curves of samples with different traditional Chinese medicine medicinal properties. Combined with the existing mathematical model, through the analysis of the data fitting,6 parameters are obtained, including I0 reflect the original strength of DL, and its related to the nature of the sample itself; β is an index factor, which associated with DL curve attenuation rate;τ is a characteristic time, which associated with the nature of the sample. The average photon number N, T represents the attenuation rate time, statistic entropy S can provide us the information about the degree of order of samples.At last, based on the delayed luminescence kinetic parameters, Chinese herbs were categorized to different groups by clustering analysis. Comparing the results of clustering analysis and traditional Chinese medicine medicinal efficacy, it is found that there are relationships between the cluster analysis results and the cold and hot properties of TCM. Results suggest that delayed luminescence may provide a new parameter in characterization the degree of cold and heat properties. Our study needs to be validated using more samples to further provide confirmation on our hypothesis.PART Ⅲ The delayed luminescence spectrum analysis of Traditional Chinese medicine herbsIn this chapter, the technical characteristics of the filter was tested firstly. Results show that the light transmittance of all filters between 88% and 90%. All of them are suitable for the detection of ultra weak luminescence.Secondly, under the optimization experiment conditions concerned in last chapter, we use ultra-weak luminescence detection system and the long pass filter system to test the delayed luminescence spectrum distribution of Chinese herbal medicine. After data analysis, the probability distribution data results show that there is significant difference in the probability distribution (Pmax and γmax) of the cold and hot properties of TCM.Further study found the spectral distribution ratio of heat Chinese medicinal materials in< 610 nm range were lower than the spectral distribution of cold Chinese medicine group, and spectral range the spectral distribution value of hot group were higher than the cold group in the range from> 610 nm.PART Ⅳ Discrimination method of the cold and heat properties of TCM based on delayed luminescenceIn this chapter,153 kinds of Chinese herbs were random divided into training group and validation group. After the measurement of the delayed luminescence,6 parameters of delayed luminescence curve as discussed in last chapter were obtained. Further analysis of the six parameters by the Pearson correlation coefficient, only the average photon number N, decay time T and statistical quantity S can meet the requirement.Then, logistic regression analysis was carried out with SPSS software, results shows that the average photon number N and statistical quantity S have the significance (p<0.05). The discriminant equation is Y= 1/1+e (XI X2+0.270* 11.981+2.892*), (X1= statistical quantity S, X2= average photon number N), and the discriminant accuracy rate of cold Chinese herbal medicine is 83.1% and hot Chinese medicinal materials is 75.6%, the overall discriminant accuracy rate is 79.4%, the overall discriminant accuracy is higher.In order to verify the discriminant method, ROC curve analysis was used. Results showed that the discriminant accuracy of the statistic S and average photon number N, and the new criterion parameter Y are 83.93%,80.36% and 83.93% respectively, and the critical threshold value of 3.95,3442.39,0.7914, which can be used as an objective evaluation indicator.ConclusionTo confirm the correlation between the delayed luminescence and the properties of Chinese herbal medicine. To onfirm the delayed luminescence can reflect the basic features of the properties of Chinese herbal medicine as a integrated indicator. To establish the experimental methods and technologies of delayed luminescence of Chinese herbal medicine.To establish the discriminant formula and indicator of the properties of Chinese herbal medicine based on delayed luminescence kinetics parameters. The critical threshold are 3.95,3442.39,0.7914, Discriminant accuracy are 83.93%,80.36% and 78.57% respectively.Innovation and defectsWe firstly reported that the research of the properties of Chinese herbal medicine using delayed luminescence, to confirm the correlation between the delayed luminescence and the properties of Chinese herbal medicine. But due to the lack of clinical research, we can’t reveal the mechanism of the properties of Chinese herbal medicine.Establish the objective evaluation method of the properties of Chinese herbal medicine based on delayed luminescence kinetics parameters. Provides the indicators for the discrimination of the properties of Chinese herbal medicine. Whether there are the properties of Chinese herbal medicine can be classified by delayed luminescece are not clear. |
PDF Full Text Request