Preparation And Study Of Nanoliposomes As Novel Dragons Blood Resin Carrier And Their Biomedical Effect In Radiation Protection

With the start of life until now, exposure to environmental radiation always remains abig challenge for human beings. Now a day, radiations are producing several healthproblems for human due to high exposure rate in industry, medical diagnosis, securitypurposes, wars against terrorism and the most important is the high radiation exposure toastronauts during long time stay in space. Currently, the main radiation Protectants in theclinical application are, sulfur-containing compounds, hormones, cytokines and naturalcompounds. But due to long development cycle, sever side effects, expensiveness, highlevel of toxicity and dosage restrict these compounds for clinical application.The development of radio protective agents from herbs like Chinese medicine plantshas become the subject of intense research in view of their potential utility in radiationenviro nments like accidental exposure, tumor radiotherapy, space exploration, and even ina nuclear battlefield. In short, it is needed to explore a safe, effective, stable, low toxicity,and inexpensive anti-radiation drugs. Dragons Blood resin extract as a traditional Chinesemedicine, has been used in china for more than1500years. It has great medicinal value,and using against treatment for blood stasis syndrome, trauma, tumors, inflammation,allergic dermatitis, and improve blood circulation, metabolismand immune function.Recently, our pharmacological studies have shown that it can improve the radiation injuryof rat‘s neural, immune, blood and gastrointestinal system. So we think that this plantextract may have anti-radiation active compounds. But high dose and low bioavailabilitylimits its uses in clinical therapy.In this research our main focusing point is to reduce the complexity of plant extract tofind out the effective part and improve the efficacy by using self fabricated functionalnanomeaterial. First of all we have prepared the antiradation active fraction of dragonsblood resin extract by optimizing the parameters such as: the alcohol concentration,dissolved volume the add water dilution factor, standing time and so on. The optimumprocess conditions are as follows: alcohol concentration is80~90%, dissolved volume is10times, diluted ethanol concentration is50%, standing time is more than8h, alcohol solublewater precipitation2times. Furthermore, we also investigate that use of macroporous resinhelp to refine dragon‘s blood resin extract effective parts for anti-radiation activities. To increase the effectiveness of bioactive fraction, stable nanoliposome wassynthesized by using thin film evaporation method. The particle size analyzers haveconfirmed the particle size of nanoluposomes measured in range of100–250nm, whereasthe shape of these nanoliposomes was almost spherical. The zeta potential of small sizenanoliposomes was measured as49and encapsulation efficiency of the LX loadednanoliposomes was87%. Cellular uptake studies of novel LX loaded nanoliposomes inRadiation&H2O2stress SH-SY5Y Cells was observed. The oxidative stress response inSH-SY5Y Cells for various doses of drug with and without nanoliposomes has affectivelyimproved the cell-stress response up to20%after24h of incubation at37C. Furthermore,In vitro stdudy, Encapsulation of LX into Nanoliposomes showed a stronger inhibitoryeffect on the proliferation against radiation by investigating the early and late apoptoticstage which induces cell cycle arrest at S phase in a dose dependent manner. Flowcytometry results indicate that drug in Nanoliposomes showed defensive role againstradiation effect. In addition, molecular mechanism of dragon‘s blood resin fraction wasfurther confirmed by western blotting result. It has been observed that downregulation of C-Fos&C-jun protein expression in neuroblastoma cell minimize the radiation stimulation inthe form of up regulating these proteins. Radiation stimulates c-Jun&c-Fosetranscriptional activity and upregulates it‘s both proinflammatory genes, such as tumornecrosis factor-a, interleukin-1b which stimulates the enhancement in cancer cell activity.These results inhibit the ERK signaling pathway interferes with c-Jun and c-Fose activityby induced radiation-stimulated expression of targeted genes. Therefore, it is clear fromthese results that the LX (contain L&LA) with in Nano liposomes is unique strategieswhich helpful to enhanced activity of compounds having low solubility or poorbioavailability.