Ren And Du Two Origin Analysis Of Arteries And Veins

The topic of this paper is the exploration and analysis of the origin and development of the conception and governor vessels. Before moving to the main body, there are the Introduction and Literature Review sections, which indicate the significance and evidence of this topic and summarize the theoretical exploration of the conception and governor vessels and the situation of current clinical application studies. The main body is divided into nine parts.In the first part, the origin of records on the conception and governor vessels is elaborated. They are recorded in Huangdi’s Neijing and Chuang-Tzu respectively.The second part covers the documentary records on the social and cultural background in the Qin and Han dynasties and the conception and governor vessels. It also expounds the core background-the School advocated by Huangdi and Lao-Tzu being considered as the doctrine in governing state affairs and rehabilitating at the beginning of the Western Han Dynasty, the Taoism being held as the main stream and coexisting with Confucianism. Records concerning the conception and governor vessels in this period are summarized from three aspects. The first one is that based on textual research, it is estimated that this period is prior to the completion of Huangdi’s Neijing and meridian wood models excavated from the Han Dynasty tombs already had the governor vessel painted on them. The second one is that the name of the conception vessel and the governor vessel was firstly found in Huangdi’s Neijing, accompanied by the circulation, physiological function, the application of relevant acupuncture points, diseases and acupuncture. The third one is that Nanjing inherits Huangdi’s Neijing, cuts out what was repetit ious and fills in gaps, summarizes the starting and ending points of the circulation of the conception and governor vessels, expounds the diseases on the conception and governor vessels programmatically and is the earliest to discuss the funct ions and features of the "elixir field" as the later genera t ions call it.The third part is about the documentary records on the social and cultural background of the Wei and Jin, Sui and Tang dynasties and the conception and governor vessels. The inheritance of Wei-Jin metaphysics in the Sui and Tang dynasties, and the social and cultural background under which the coexistence of Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism coexisted was finally formed are discussed, and the phenomenon caused by such coexistence as well. Furthermore, it is also in this period that the exploration of the source of "circulation" and "internal elixir" was also clearly put forward. The appearance of "elixir field" on medical books started from A-B Classic of Acupuncture and Moxibustion written by Huang Fumi in the Western Jin Dynasty. A certain connection was established with the contents regarding the conception and governor vessels via acupuncture points from the elixir field in this period when it comes to the concepts of Taoism and health maintenance. In this period, records on the conception and governor vessels are firstly, Huangdi’s Neijing inherited by A-B Classic of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, and circulation and diseases recorded in Nanjing. And these two were used as a reference and supplement of each other. In addition, records regarding pulse condition, diseases and treatments on other medical books were also extracted. On the other hand, Sun Simiao, the representative of Taoism medicine who had lived for over one hundred years in the Sui and Tang dynasties, also showed certain appreciation on health maintenance and breathing exercises, apart from his incisive statements on medicine. He collected the essentials of meditation and health maintenance from Confucianism, Buddhism and Zen, Taoism, martial arts and yoga in medicine, and recorded the practices of getting through the conception and governor vessels in his words. Thanks to him, the later generations have been enjoying a simple and unsophisticated mode of meditation and health maintenance.The fourth part covers the documentary records on the social and cultural background of the five dynasties and Song Jin Yuan period and the conception and governor vessels. This period continued the previous historical period, which is reflected in that the trend of the integration of Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism was pervaded in all the fields of the society and people’s life. It was under such background that the ideological trend on how to influence "Confucian school of idealist philosophy" originated. Since achievements in the science of acupuncture and moxibustion prior to the Wei and Jin dynasties had already been comprehensively summarized in A-B Classic of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, it is summarized that there were few changes about the contents regarding the conception and governor vessels in this period, and the primary progress was further development of acupuncture points and indications. Moreover, the Song Dynasty witnessed a large number of medical formularies, which offered necessary conditions for the circulation of prescriptions on the conception and governor vessels and relevant records on medical books. The fifth part is about the documentary records on the social and cultural background of the Ming and Qing dynasties and the conception and governor vessels. The main social and cultural background of the ideological trend of "the philosophy of the mind" is introduced. Medically speaking, the development of Book of Changes and Tao The King-based thought was further integrated, as represented by "the ingenious statement about vessels" highlighted in Eight Extraordinary Meridians written by Li Shizhen. Followed by that is "the conception and governor vessels and one exercised" recorded in the Compendium of Acupuncture and Moxibustion of Yang Jizhou. They all inspire the later generations in the explorations of health maintenance and highlight the cognition of the conception and governor vessels from exteriorly to interiorly in this period. While after the Daoguang Emperor Period in the Qing Dynasty, the department of acupuncture and moxibustion was demolished by the Imperial Academy of Medicine. Under such background, the science of acupuncture and moxibustion was declining as a whole. However, since prescription further developed in this dynasty, a large number of records on the medications concerning the conception and governor vessels showed up.The sixth part is literature records on the conception and governor vessels ever since the Republic of China. The clinical dialectical application of the conception and governor vessels and the combination of modern medicine and health maintenance in highlighting the great significance of relating neurology with the conception and governor vessels are mainly elaborated in this part. And records on the studies on the treatments of conception and governor vessels acupuncture points classified from ancient medical books and studies on the modern neurology are compared and summarized. On the basis of the "small circulation practice" part related with health maintenance, Chinese traditional cultures which are the final integration result of Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism in the prior historical periods are summarized in this part. And they have been inspiring and affecting the later generations in a profound and good way.The seventh part focuses on the circulation, acupuncture points and diseases, and summarizes relevant contents of the conception and governor vessels.The eighth part classifies the contents on the concept ion and governor vessels in different historical periods and motivates the author to probe into certain contents on the thoughts and inspirations clinically. The ninth part classifies the contents of the conception and governor vessels and the social and cultural background from the origin to the development through a chronicle of the development and evolution. Finally, it makes a conclusion of the whole thesis.