The Comparative Study On The Anatomical Structure Of Vegetative Organ And Seed Dormancy Mechanism Of Phalaris Arundinacea L. Species

Phalaris arundinacea L. was with the characters of rich nutrition, drought, cold,waterlogging, saline-alkaline resistance.They could be used as forage,conservation ofwater and soil,river pollution removing and new energy plants.On the basis of therelationship between anatomical structure of vegetative organ and stress resistence,usevalue of Phalaris arundinacea L. determined its high potentional economical andecological value，but the seed dormancy restricted its popularization and application.Seed dormancy reason of two varieties was identified on the basis of the external andinternal structure of seed, seed vigor, seed coat absorbent and embryo dormancy.Thegermination test was carried out by removing the lemma artificially, abrading seed coat,low temperature lamination and soaking in ultrapure water, KNO3and GA3. By usingproteomics research technology, analysed the seed doemancy mechanism intensively.Themain results were as follows:1. Good ventilation organization visible in root cortex cell gaps and air cavity, primaryxylem epigenetic catheter and medullary cavity were the main microscopic characteristicsof waterlogging resistance. The hornificated epidermis of stem and leaves and its abundantbulliform cell groups were the main anatomical structure reasons for drought resistance. Alarge numbers of wood fibers in vascular bundles of stem and leaves were majormicroscopic characteristics of new energy plants.2. The Phalaris arundinacea L. was with projection apex and pedicle bottom、brownor yellow coloured, oblong shaped and smoothly surfaced. The seeds with membranousglumes, lemma and the lemma was awned and they closely linked at the base of caryopsis.Seeing from the anatomical structure, Phalaris arundinacea seeds were composed of innerand outer testa, which were closely connected with pericarp. The embryo had integritystructure of radicle, hypocotyls, germ and scutellum and it accounted for1/3of totalvolume of the seed. The rest of the seed was starchy endosperm.3. The thousand seed weight, seed viability and initial seed germination ofP.arundinacea L. cv. Tongxuan No.7and P.arundinacea L. cv. Chuancao No.3seed were0.607g,90.67%,9.30%and0.780g,92.00%,28.66%separately.The former’sOxidoreductases (SOD, POD and CAT) content was lower than that of the latter’s.4. The water permeability of lemma and seed coat was poor and they had mechanical restraint on P.arundinacea L. cv. Tongxuan No.7seed, so its dormancy was caused by thebarrier of seed coat comprehensivly. P.arundinacea L. cv. Chuancao No.3seed’s lemmaand coat had no significant effect on seed germination, the dormancy was caused by thephysiological embryo dormancy comprehensivly.5. The physical and chemical dormancy breaking methods were carried out on twovarieties of seeds, the results showed that removing the lemma、worning the seed coat, coldstratification, water flushing, KNO3and GA3pretreatment could significantly enhanced thegermination rate of two varieties. Removed the lemma, and then abraded the seed coat wasseen as the best dormancy breaking method of P. arundinacea L.cv. Tongxuan No.7seed.P.arundinacea L.cv. Chuancao No.3seed had the highest germination rate under removingthe lemma and then soaking in400mg/L GA3.6. Soaking in400mg/L GA324h could significantly promote the seed germination oftwo varieties. Soaking in ultrapure water24h had no significant effect on two varieties ofseeds.7. Using TCA/acetone precipitation method extracted the protein, the pH4~7IPG stripfor isoelectric focusing9h could obtain good repeatable and high resolutionaltwo-dimensional electrophoresis images. After staining with silver nitrate and the softwareanalysis, colud detect more than900protein spots.8. By studying in all the treatment and control’s two-dimensional electrophoresisimages, found that there were25protein spots expressed differentially more than3times inabundance changes. Analysing the20spots by MALDI-TOF-TOF,16got the effectiveidentification and through the functional analysis, found that these proteins were involvedin energy metabolism, cytoskeleton, signal transduction, transportation, defense andbiosynthesis pathways, they mutually associated and constituted the enormous seeddormancy breaking regulatory network and promoted the seed germination.