The Formation And Evolution Mechanism Of Industrial Clusters Based On The Division Of Labor Perspective

China is named as"the world factory"in the 21-century, for a large number of industrial clusters are distributing in many palaces of China. The research on industrial clusters is booming at home and abroad, but it is of great necessity to study the formation and evolution mechanism of industrial clusters from the perspective of labor division.First of all, this dissertation analyzes the formation and evolution of industrial cluster from different levels of labor division and reveals the relation of technical division of labor, social division of labour, regional division of labour and international division of labour, and the different formation and evolution mechanism of industrial clusters. The technical division of labour can improve efficiency, but it increases production chains resulting in growing enterprise organization cost. High labor efficiency leads to the reduction of production cost and the increase of output, enlarges the scale of market, heightens the transaction frequency of products and labor force, which gives rise to the increase of transaction cost as well. The enlarging of the scale of market makes the technical division of labour of firms gradually fine, more production chains and more enterprise organization cost. When the enterprise organization cost is larger than the transaction cost of market, the technical division of labour in the firms is switched as social division of labour, namely, many specialized firms which should have been engaged in one productive means come into being and the network of firms will be accordingly formed. Social division of labour leads to more transaction cost. The transaction cost mainly includes transportation cost, information collection cost, negotiation and endorsement cost etc. High transaction efficiency gives rise to less transaction cost. In order to reduce transaction cost and improve transaction efficiency, firms have an internal impetus to assemble in one area. When a great deal of specialized firms agglomerate in one area, an industrial cluster will form. The industrial cluster is the output of specialized division of labor, a form of spatial embodiment for humans to reduce the transaction cost caused by specialized divison of labor and acquire increasing returns caused by division of labor. The...