A Study Of The Rule And Policy Of Biopharmaceutical Industry Development

Biopharmaceutical industry is becoming another high-growing industry after information industry. As a complex industrial system, biopharmaceutical industry develops with its own industrial characteristics, fundamental routine and internal mechanism. This paper analyses the rule and policy of the biopharmaceutical industry development from the perspective of industrial economy. The whole paper is divided into seven chapters.Chapterâ… is an introduction of the background, status, programs and innovations of this research.In Chapterâ…¡, the author proposes the generalized framework of biopharmaceutical industry-including the core layer, the support layer and the associated layer, and the narrow scope of biopharmaceutical industry -the productive enterprises and organizations which are directly engaged in researching, developing, manufacturing and selling the medicines for human use. The author also analyses the status of different sub-industries, and notes that the biopharmaceutical industry is not only closely related to high-technology, but also directly bound up with sociality, institutional, and natural resources.From Chapterâ…¢toâ…¥, fundamental rules of biopharmaceutical industry development are analyzed and elaborated from the point of view of industrial structure, industrial organization, industrial layout and technology innovation.In the industrial value structure analysis of biopharmaceutical industry in Chapterâ…¢, the author proposes biopharmaceutical industry value chain model. It includes four links -drug discovery, preclinical / clinical trials, drug manufacturing and drug sales; five types of participants multinational companies and large pharmaceutical companies, small pharmaceutical companies, R & D institutions, independent research and development companies and professional outsourcing organizations; and three types of relationship-technology transfer, strategic alliances and outsourcing relationships. The biopharmaceutical industry value chain has its own features. Firstly, it takes a very long time from the first link to the last; secondly, it is featured by vertical integration; thirdly, it follows the law of "smiling curve". Compared with the information industry value chain, there are some differences in R & D and manufacturing links of biopharmaceutical industry value chain.In the organizational analysis of biopharmaceutical industry in Chapterâ…£, the author prompts and analyzed the basic features of biopharmaceutical industry market from the point of view of enterprise centralization, product concentration, innovative resources concentration, and the role of small enterprises. Furthermore,the market structure of biopharmaceutical industry is given an economic analysis with respect of product differentiation, natural monopoly, and economies of scale. As for the market behavior, the author illuminates the price behavior and advertising behavior of biopharmaceutical enterprises, and reveals the price model, price discrimination behavior, and the characteristics and functions of drug advertising. Finally, the development paths of multinational companies and large pharmaceutical companies, small pharmaceutical companies, and independent R & D companies are showed.Chapterâ…¤is about the layout of biopharmaceutical industry. In the contemporary biopharmaceutical industry layout, the international level division of labor that is dominated by developed countries as the United States, Europe and Japan is the main forms of international division of labor. Developing countries scattered distribute on the edge of the biopharmaceutical industry value chain, and limitedly participate in the international vertical division of labor through some low-end links of the value chain. Industry cluster is an important layout characteristic of the biopharmaceutical industry development in developed countries. The cluster of biopharmaceutical industry tend to have four characteristics:strong academic power and industrial strength, close contact of social networking among enterprises, rich medical and clinical resources, and intensive capital-network. At last, the author puts forward two approaches to cultivate the biopharmaceutical industry clusters-Technology Park model and Incubator model.In the research to industrial innovation in Chapterâ…¥, the author outlines the definition, the classification, and the major constraints of biopharmaceutical technology innovation. The important value of technological innovation are elaborated, such as improving human social, promoting industrial progress, leading the industrial structure adjustment, changing the value distribution, and creating high industry barriers. The author summarizes some essential features of biopharmaceutical technology innovation- high cost, delayed feedback of the research results, significant role of government, weaken path-dependence, and stronger systematic. Finally, the author explores the contemporary trend of biopharmaceutical technology innovation.In Chapterâ…¦, the policy of the biopharmaceutical industry is deeply analyzed. After concluding the necessity and features of the policy, the author focuses on the concept and the content of it from the perspective of industrial structure, industrial organization, industrial layout, and industrial innovation. The different choices of policy content are showed with example elaboration of biopharmaceutical industry development in the United States, Japan, and India. Furthermore, the fundamental experience of policy choice in these typical countries is summarized. Finally, the author proposes the industrial policy for biopharmaceutical industry in China from the perspectives of industrial structure, industrial organization, industrial layout, and industrial innovation.