The Social Change Of Rural Tourism Community

After 30 years of reform and opening to the outside word,Chinese society is stepping fast toward modernization,meanwhile,the process of modernization is full of hardships and uncertainty, therefore,the research of social change and social transformation becomes a hot issue of contemporary Chinese sociology.Social change refers to the development and change of the society itself,mainly referring to the change of social structure.Among the existing researches,the emphasis concentrated on the macro-systematic large-scale social change,and researchers mainly analyzes the general rules of social change from the angels such as the differentiation of social structure,the model of social change,the motivation power of social change,and so on.However,under the influence of environment,politics,economy and culture,social change in different areas may acquire various local features,for example,the motivation power,model and process of social change may vary from one area to another.During the process of quick social transformation,social change in a particular district, that is,in the rural tourism community,is attracting more and more attraction.Partâ… is about a brief introduction about social changes in rural tourism community(RTC).The social change in RTC is highly complicated,which falls into three layers:the change of production model,life style and benefit pattern.According to general rules of social change,social change firstly occurs in the material field,rural tourism alters traditional industry structure,and traditional agriculture declines and the 3^rd industry arises rapidly,which causes conflicts between different industries.The third industry experiences three stages:primary stage,intermediate stage and advanced stage.The change of production model brings about the change of life style.In RTC,the pace of life, view of time and interaction model differs from those of traditional countryside.With the development of rural tourism,the benefit pattern loses its balance.Hence the profit conflicts break out among rural residents,tourism enterprises and local government.Partâ…¡focuses on the modernization of RTC and the modernity of local residents.Tourism is the result of modernization,for example,tourists' traveling motive,the appearance of tourism organization and the process of traveling are all related to modernization.Tourism is also an integral part of modernization.Judging from the angle of economy,politics,culture and environment,tourism promotes modernization on the macro-level and micro-level.Theoretically,agricultural modernization, industrialization,and the third industry are the alternatives of ways of modernization in rural area. Rural tourism is characterized by rurality,openness,and sustainability.The modernization of RTC must rely on the views and principles of government-orientation,community-based participation and cooperative construction.RTC is faced with dilemma of modernization such as the conflicts between rurality and urbanization,tradition and modernity,and industry and resources and environment.With the touristification of RTC,local residents' view of time,justice and benefits,and social norms under go changes.Partâ…¢is about social stratification and social mobility of RTC.The RTC originates from traditional rural community.Before touristification its social stratification and mobility is identical to the other rural areas.The tourism-centered third industry relieves the internal employment pressure, and promotes the employment of surplus labor forces.The labor forces of different ages change their identity and social status by participating in rural tourism.But the various degree of involvement causes social inequality,which is improperly viewed as the ill-effect of tourism.The social mobility is characterized by frequent mobility,universality of upper ward mobility and progress of inter-generation.In RTC,the mobility of women is typically concerned,because women enjoy gender advantages over men.As a result,women's mobility promotes equality between men and womenPartâ…£is about community-based participation in RTC.Community-based participation in tourism includes the following agents:personal residents,group residents,community managers, tourism enterprises and intermediary organizations.The content of participation conveys decision-making,supervision,planning,service and maintenance.Community-based participation falls into personal participation and group participation,active participation and passive participation, institutional participation and non-institutional participation.Before touristification and after touristification,positive changes take place with the participation in agent,content,and way.At present,the participation model falls into government-guided model,residents' auto-governance model and multilateral cooperation model.Community-based participation is significant to pro-poverty,democratic thoughts,gender equality and environmental preservation.Partâ…¤is devoted to social anomie in RTC.During the process of accelerated social transformation,the subsystems of social operation system fail to synchronize with each other; therefore,anomie becomes the side-effect.There're general anomie and specific anomie,the former results from social anomie on the macro-level,and the latter results from the development of rural tourism.The two types of anomie mingle together.Social anomie in RTC originates from exterior and interior reasons.