Research On The Learning And Training Contradiction Of Young Athelets In The Perspective Of Institutional Ethics

In the cultivation of young athletes, the contradiction between learning and training is universal and significant, and it is the "key" to solving many problems. The reason why this contradiction always exists lies in the fact that it is a product of history—a product of the institution. In the light of this fact, research in this field is mostly done in the context of the institution. However, due to a lack of theoretical support, previous research cannot go beyond mere amendments to the institution. Besides, the institutional cause of the learning and training contradiction has been inadequately explored, therefore, theoretically reasonable strategies are imposed upon people who participate in learning and training activities, producing a "strange phenomenon"---reasonable strategies do not produce reasonable effects. To break the bottleneck in the research, it needs to examine the institution which regulates the activities of learning and training."Institutional ethics" is a theory about the "rationality" of the institution, whose introduction is of great practical importance to breakthrough the "bottleneck".This paper sets sports schools and traditional sports schools (middle school) respectively as its research objects, and introduces the methods of ethics and institutional analysis to research into the contradiction between learning and training. First of all, the paper starts with the learning and training system and defines the concept of the contradictions and the concept of learning and training system in the perspective of institution, aiming at revealing the consistency between the contradictions and the institution in which the contradictions occur, and establishing the institutional framework to analyze the contradictions. Secondly, based on institutional ethics, the paper identifies the subject of the learning and training system from three angles:institutional subject, institutional environment, and institutional effect, by which means the paper analyzes the ethical dilemma with which the subjects of the learning and training are faced. At the same time, the paper presents the practical effects of the learning and training system. Finally, in the perspective of institutional ethics, combined with the newly issued learning and training system, the paper proposes the ideas and principles to construct learning and training system.The main conclusions of this paper are:Firstly, the subjects of the learning and training system involve athletes, coaches, teachers, parents and management personnel.Secondly, the inertia of the sports education system leads to the ethical dilemma with which sports schools and traditional sports schools are faced with, making it difficult for them to choose between academic study and training, in which case training is marginalized in traditional sports schools and academic study is marginalized in sports training schools.Thirdly, the coordination and authority are missing in the learning and training system, which causes the subject to be positioned as "amateur", producing ethical dilemma in which the interests are identified differently and the rights and obligations are both weakened.Fourthly, the institutional separation of learning and training resources is becoming greater and utilitarian thoughts increasingly strengthened, and with the development of society that ask for athlete' overall level must developing, which does little help to significant improvements of the learning and training of athletes.Fifthly, the ethical value of the new issued learning and training system lies in the "overall development" of athletes, and in the "equality" and "fairness" among different subjects.Sixthly, the construction of the learning and training system includes: humanistic ideas and the idea to win are in dialectical unity. Principles of the construction are:impartiality and learning priority principle, procedure and substance principle, solicitude and project differentiating principle, harmony and responsibility sharing principle, and guarantee and compensation principle.Combined with the discussion of the paths of realization, this paper puts forward the following suggestions:first of all, give full play to the evaluation and guidance of the goal to reasonably cultivate athletes; second, construct a mechanism which promotes the "double orientation" of both the learning and training; third, face up to the key role scientific training and material selecting play in the time distribution of learning and training; Finally, reflect the basic value of retirement arrangements in the construction of the system of learning and training.