Contemporary Chinese Ethnic Minority Women In Political Participation

In the end of the Faust, Goethe said,"the eternal female lead us rise." Another western philosopher said, "To measure a country's civilization, you should see the country's attitude towards women." Indeed, through the investigation of the women's survival situation in the country, you can see clearly the country's social development and civilization.Women is a mysterious sex. She sometimes is exalted and trampled. She sometimes is portrayed as the symbol of beauty, love, greatness and abundance, and portrayed as the symbol of temptation, evil, corruption and incompetence. Opened the scroll of human history, we can clearly see the thousands of women's grace and sadness……Undoubtedly, women, like men, is the other half of humanity, but also as important as men. None of the women and women's greatness, humans will cease to exist, what about humans' development and progress? Therefore, face up to the true value of women's existence and their status, it will be very important for humans' development. Only the common progress of both sexes is the real progress of mankind.Concern to women, especially to the disadvantaged group of women——Chinese minority women, concerned about the survival of minority women's status, political status and political participation status, educational level, family status, reproductive status and health status, which should be the focus of public attention. Although since the founding of new China, the minority women's social status and the political status have changed a lot, have enjoyed the same legal status and rights as men, but all sorts of traditional concepts and customs still imprisoned minds of people, there are still many problems of Chinese minority women's status and rights protection. Academia should Pay more attention to these problems, then promote Chinese minority women's progress and development, and realize their true liberation. Although the current study of Chinese minority women has made some research results, and there are also a number of research experts and scholars of this area, but it is not common, which from Chinese minority women's status in politics to study the living conditions and rights protection of Chinese minority women.Feminism anthropology respects for differences and emphasize multielement. This research paradigm provides a referential perspective for this dissertation to study Chinese minority women's political participation. Based on this multi-perspective, I make a distinction between the females of Han and Chinese minority women, who have particular historical factors, cultural practices, religious beliefs and the interests of the concept in their political participation. I want to study the situation of Chinese minority women in politics and social participation status as an entry point, and then explore their survival status, social status, social roles and their rights protection issues for their true liberation through trying to explore the realistic measures and methods.This dissertation is based on the Historical research and Literature research, Empirical research, Comparative analysis, Interviews method of political science and sociology research methods. This dissertation is divided into seven parts:The first part is introduction. It mainly introduces the background and significance of the topic and makes a detailed review of the abroad and domestic research on the minority women's status in politics. It defines some basic concepts, such as "National regions", "Women's political participation", "Feminism anthropology". It also introduces the research method, the innovation and the existing problems and difficulties of this research.The second part elaborates the horizon of feminist anthropology in the study of women's political participation. The horizon of feminist anthropology of from the analysis of patterns of binary opposition to the pluralistic perspective, under the Gender Perspective Humanistic Perspective and the investigation of women's status and living conditions. This research paradigm provides a referential perspective for this dissertation to study Chinese minority women's political participation. Meanwhile, this part also has detailed description in the Marxist theory of women's political participation, women's liberation and the theory of Feminism of fighting for female suffrage.The third part is the historical research of Chinese women's participation in history. It mainly includes two parts, the first part is the course of the fight for women's suffrage in modrn China's history, including Chinese female's participation awareness in modern China, the process of women's fight for suffrage in modern China and the historical progress of women's political participation since the founding of China. The second part is historical review of Chinese minority women's political participation since modern time, including the germination of awakening consciousness of minority women in modern China, the beginning of Chinese minority women's movement and the historic leap of Chinese minority women's political participation since the founding of China.The fourth part is the investigation of minority ethnic women's participating condition in different nationalities regions in contemporary China. It mainly investigates minority ethnic women's participation in people's congresses, CPPCC at all levels of national and ethnic minority areas, the Chinese communist party and the democratic parties. It also counts up the number of minority women cadres and minority women elite status of all walks of life. At last, It analyzes some problems in the conditions of minority ethnic women's participation in politics. The fifth part is to search the reasons of the conditions of minority ethnic women's participation in politics from analyzing the objective reasons and subjective reasons. There are objective reasons for the traditional ethnic culture and traditions of gender, religious outlook on women, educational level, imperfect selecting mechanism and the family burden and other reasons. There are some subjective reasons mainly for their own inferiority complex, dependent psychology and jealousy psychology.The sixth part is to propose some suggestions and thinking of improving the women's political participation in minority ethnic areas. It puts forward some suggestions mainly from the following several aspects, including making efforts to build favorable environment for women's political participation in minority ethnic areas, making women's federation fully play an important role in the training and selecting women cadres, minority women who participated in politics should let female compatriots to benefit, Vigorously developing education and learning from overseas useful experiences to enhance the level of women's political participation. Finally, my thought is that minority women should correct understanding of "knowing themselves", "following their hearts" and being their own master to exert their advantages in all walks of life. This is the common goal of not only Chinese minority women but also the national women compatriots. The seventh part is the appendix. It is the interviews about Chinese minority women's participation in politics, including the conversations with the President of the Women's Federation of Inner Mongolia, Ningxia and Xinjiang autonomous region, as well as with the minority women cadres of these autonomous regions. There are also the contemporary international conventions about protecting women's rights and interests, contemporary Chinese women's rights and interests protection and the relevant laws and policies, China's regional ethnic autonomy system and relevant legislation, policies.To sum up, this topic not only has the theoretical significance, but also has the real practical significance.