Study On Function Alienation Of Accountability Arising From Emergency In China

Nowadays, accountabilities are basically caused by the emergency in china. Accountabilities arising from emergency have five functions:democratic control; improve government performance of emergency management; improve quality of public safety service; maintain the legitimacy of governance; and in the incidental case of tragedies, fiascos, and failures, processes of public account can help to provide public catharsis.The achieving of accountability functions needs some conditions.The first is the participation of multiple accountee who have the force to constraint government. Secondly,have specific accountors and clear demarcation of responsibilities between them.The third is the information of emergency management actors are accessible. According to the information and behavior criterion,accountee make questions and sanctions.At the same time, the responsible person explain their actions, defense or proof. In practice, the functions of accountability are restricted and continue to alienation, showing the failure of democratic control, programmable emergency management practices, impeding the improvement of performance and the "scapegoat". The alienated functions need to correct.The type,structure and other attributes, the external supervisory mechanisms, the oversight mechanisms within the government system,and the avoid acts of "rational" civil servants under the pressure of accountability,all of those have objective affect to function alienation of accountability. These elements play a role on the function alienation through affect the constitution of accountee and accountor and the accessing of behavior information.The function alienation of accountability arising from emergency has deep roots.The dominant mode of accountability is based on levels of government,the multiple external accountee only have limited participation, resulting in the absence of accountee.The responsibilities between government departments,different levels,and between party and government are ambiguous.The accountee have difficulties to identify who is the accountor and his responsibilities.Result-oriented and process-oriented accountability have advantages and disadvantages,we should make choice depending on the circumstances or the fusion of the two,but the absence of some accountee makes it impossible to consider the emergency management process. Accountability is only triggered by the outbreak of emergencies,the results of accountability are based on punishment,only a single way;the interaction between accountor and accountee is weak,the rights of explain is missing.For the purpose of correction to functions alienation,we should take measures from accountee,accountor,contend,and implementation methods.The first is improving levels model,ensure the People's Congress,the people,the CPPCC organizations,news media's participation from the political system and the institutional level.Identifying the accountor and its responsibilities effectively,divide the responsibilities of emengency manager on institutional level,form relatively fixed, binding duty arrangements in the running of emergency management mechanism,launch emergency capability assessments in local government, determine the capability benchmark and determine the responsibilities according to one's power.Disclose government emergency management information in Integrated way,ensure the accessing to information for accountee. Construction of non-event trigger mechanism, introduct flexible accountee, focusing on real-time monitoring and control for emergency management process, incentives and sanctions in parallel,and ensure the realization of their right to speak.