Study On The Artificial Esophagus With Tini Shape Memory Alloy

The esophageal cancer is a commonly encountered disease in China. The most effective remedy is the resection of the pathological esophagus and rebuilding a new esophagus. In the paper the research of artificial esophagus of TiNi SMA alloy from both of the biocompatibility and dynamic compatibility was carried out and the conception of the artificial esophagus of TiNi SMA alloy with connect collar was presented. Moreover, the artificial esophagus of TiNi SMA alloy with connect collar was designed and manufactured. With pigs the animal mould was built and a series of experimental animal researches were carried out. In the researches the technical puzzles, in which there are the link-reliability between the creeping esophagus and the allochthonous implant and the key problem about the anastomotic leakage and the stricture of'newborn esophagus'after the esophageal manipulation, were solved. The research results offer a foundation and feasible technical program for the clinic application of the artifical esophagus of TiNi SMA alloy with connect collar.The mean results in the paper were shown as following:1. No matter what in anticorrosion, genetic toxicity and cytotoxicity TiNi SMA alloy presents good behaviors. It has excellent biocompatibility. However, since the complex of the human body ambient, it has to make the experiments of clinical toxicology in order to check the security in life-time service when the artificial esophagus uses the TiNi SMA alloy.2. The conception of the artificial esophagus of TiNi SMA alloy with connect collar was presented from both of the biocompatibility and dynamic compatibility and the patented invention'a new substitute of the artificial hose'has been authorized (the patent number is ZL01107515.5). And the product of the artificial esophagus of TiNi SMA alloy with connect collar was designed and manufactured.3. With pigs the animal mould was built and a series of experimental animal researches were carried out. The results show as follows:Using the artificial esophagus of TiNi SMA alloy with connect collar, the ratio of the anastomotic leakage after the esophageal manipulation is zero, but without the connect collar the ratio of that is about 33.3%. The difference between the two ratios of the anastomotic leakage is significant.The time of the breaking off of the allochthonous implant after the esophageal manipulation with the artificial esophagus of TiNi SMA alloy with connect collar is at 66-220 days, which is about 5 times longer than that after the esophageal manipulation with the artificial esophagus of TiNi SMA alloy without connect collar. The design of the artificial esophagus of TiNi SMA alloy with connect collar makes the link-reliability between the creeping esophagus and the allochthonous implant more effective and reliable.The use of the artificial esophagus of TiNi SMA alloy with connect collar effectively avoid the anastomotic leakage and the prerelease of the allochthonous implant after the esophageal manipulation.4. The'newborn esophagus'grown adherent to the surface of the artificial esophagus of TiNi SMA alloy with connect collar after the esophageal manipulation was discovered in a series of experimental animal researches with pigs as the animal mould .5. The microstructure of the'newborn esophagus'is a fibrous connective tissue encapsulated the artificial esophagus, which forms an enclosed anastomotic vessel linked with the normal esophagus. The'newborn esophagus'essentially is a cicatrix hose filled up with the fibrous connective tissue which is without pinch-dilation effect.6. Since the microstructure of the'newborn esophagus'lacks the mucous membrane in the normal esophagus, the microstructure at the center of the'newborn esophagus'can be atrophic scar. If in the entocoele of the'newborn esophagus'does not fasten with a hose of the artificial esophagus, the stricture of'newborn esophagus'after the esophageal manipulation will occur. So the stricture of'newborn esophagus'after the esophageal manipulation appears at the case of the prerelease of the allochthonous implant after the esophageal manipulation. When growth time of the'newborn esophagus'under poling of the hose of the artificial esophagus is greater than 3 months, the microstructure of the'newborn esophagus'build up with a mucous layer covered the squamous epithelium layers completely, a more prolific degenerative mucous muscle layer and fibrous membrane. The longer the time of the breaking off of the allochthonous implant after the esophageal manipulation is (> 3 months), the more slight the stricture of'newborn esophagus'after the esophageal manipulation is. And the structure of the mucous membrane in the'newborn esophagus'becomes normal structure with elongation of the breaking off of the allochthonous implant.7. It is necessary that the stay time at the original position for the artificial esophagus (the allochthonous implant) is about 2-3 months in order to form a'newborn esophagus'which is as a channels passing foodstuff. The longer the time of the breaking off of the allochthonous implant after the esophageal manipulation is, the better the'newborn esophagus'which is as a channel passing foodstuff grows. When the time of the breaking off of the allochthonous implant after the esophageal manipulation is greater than 3 months the'newborn esophagus'will form as a channels which can be trouble-free passed for foodstuff. Thus the experimental animal will exist for long-time without any doubt.In brief, for the passed near a hundred years the artificial esophagus as the esophagus allochthonous implant has being exploited and developed indomitably by the doctors and scientists in the world. The research results including our research have been the important advance in the solusion of the worldwide puzzle about the treatment of the esophagus cancer. It is sure that the research of the artificial esophagus as the esophagus allochthonous implant will be success and the achievement will be used in the rebuilding of the esophagus since various reasons. And the prevention against to the esophagus cancer and esophagus injury will have a great progress.