Studies On Biological Characteristics And Medicinal Values Of Periplaneta American

The medical insect Periplaneta Americana(cockroach) is one of the interior insects,who is widely dispersed,common and closely related to humanity.As a medicinal materials which was earliest recorded in the Qin Dynasty,and all Chinese material medicine are collected.So,it had a long history in China.In this paper,we used P.Americana as the subject of experiment,on the basis of experience summed up by predcessors, arounding its medicinal value,we carried out a series systematic research, in order to provide scientific basis for unearthing,exploiting and comprehensive utilizing of this medical insect P.Americana1.Studies on biological characteristics of P.AmericanaDuring 2005～2006,we carried out systematic investigations on domestic reproduction,development,biological characteristics and ethological features of P.Americana.The biological characteristis including reproduction of adults,laying eggs,hatching,development of nymphae,moulting,emergence and the ethological features including negative phototaxis,aggregation,food habit at different developmental stages were observed.Blogical parameters such as duration for eggs, duration for nymphae,hatching rate,capacity for eating.The life cycle was detailed described.The results can provide the experimental data for artificial feeding and reproduction of medicinal insect P.Americana in large-scale.2.Collection and analyses for the medicinal effective component parts derived from adults of P.AmericanaThe traditional methods of collection medicinal effective component parts have been improved.Firstly,the crude extraction was obtained from Periplaneta Americana adult.Followly,the lipid was obtained by Soxhlet's apparatus;and the total protein was got by ammonium sulfate salt fractionation;the polysaccharides was extracted by ethanol precipitation;the remains was the soluble low molecular weight substance.The content of lipid and the polysaccharides in P.Americana adult was 4.97%,0.47%,respectively.3.Study on pharmacology of extracts of P.AmericanaThe result of acute toxicity test showed,extracts of P.Americana were nontoxic.Inhibitive effects of extracts of P.Americana were investigated in different inflammatory models,for instance, dimethylbenzene induced acute inflammatory swelling ears of mice, cotton induced-granuloma tissue proliferous inflammation of mice,egg white induced rat paw edema,acetic acid induced writhing reponse of mice,stress gastric ulcer of mice,acetic acid gastric ulcer of mice, alcohol gastric ulcer of mice.The results showed higher dosage extracts of adult P.Americana played important roles in subsidence of swelling, decreasing pain and diminish.There was obviously statistical difference (P＜0.01 or 0.05=,as compared with control group.The results proved that extracts of P.Americana is indeed worthy of further development for potential medicinal value.At the same time we established the model of liver granuloma,the extraction of P.Americana was injected and the effect of relieving immune response was observed.4.Screening nymphal P.Americana cDNA library with anti P. AmericanaTwo positive clone nucleotide sequences which showed no homology with any other known nucleotide sequences were obtained by screening nymphal P.Americana cDNA library with anti-adult P. Americana serum.The two new encoding genes were submitted to GenBank and named as Parcxpwxxq01,Parcxpwxxq02,with the Accession Numbers were DQ522315 and DQ522316.This study provides us a new approach to screen the medicinal genes via molecular biological techniques.5.Bioinformatical forecast of the structures and biological functions of amino acid sequence deduced by new encoding genesApplying the softwares provided by the National Center for Biotechnology Information,we analysised the proteins which were codinged by the nucleotide sequences,their structures and functions, including physical characterics,average molecular weights, hydrophobicities,average flexibilities,α-helixes,β-turns and etc.had been applied.In summary,a series systematic researches arounding the medicinal value of medicinal insect P.Americana were carried out in this paper. Domestic reproduction,development,biological characteristics and ethological features of P.Americanawere comprehensively and systematically investigated under artificial feeding condition.The new genes were found by screening cDNA library with anti- P. Americanawere sera.The results above provide important valuable experimental data for advanced researches of P.Americana for its medicinal.