Research On The History Of Chinese Ancient Tuina And Massage

Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has a long history.There is along-term process from simple accumulation of the valuable medicalexperience to summarization the theory become a comprehensive theorysystem.Although Tuina is a kind of a specialty therapy in Chinesemedicine,but the development course of Tuina and Chinese medicine isasynchronous,and it is shown that they have different developmenttendency and distinctive features at the same historical phase.In this doctoral thesis,Massage-related literatures in all theChinese medical books and scholarly treatises have been collated andrecord.It is discussed the development course of the subject's name isfrom Chinese ancient manipulation medicine to Massage then finallybecome to Tuina,and disputed the conclusion that Tuina manipulation inancient has no independent and complete systems of theory.Through analyze the inherent law of Chinese ancient Tuinadevelopment;this thesis divides history of Tuina into five phases:thefirst is"embryonic"stage.In this stage it is hard to know the originalmeaning of the ancients because the information in the literatures ofgreat age is fuzzy,so we have to reveal the connotation throughanalyzing social and cultural factors;The second is the stage fromWarring States period to Three Kingdoms Period.In this period,thesystem of TCM scholarly standards has been setup,but the ancientmanipulation medicine was still in the experiential accumulation stage;The third is the stage from the West Jin Dynasty to the Five Dynastiesperiod,this is the first peak in the Chinese Tuina history,in this stageMassage became a legal name;The forth stage is the Song,Jin,YuanDynasties.The theory and practice of TCM were getting richer and morevaried;on the contrary,the development of Massage remained at astandstill;The last one is the Ming,Qing Dynasties.There were significant changes in Chinese ancient Tuina therapy at this period.