Studies On Chemical Composition Of San Ya Ku And Comparison Of Constituents Between Stem And Leaf

San Ya ku(Melicope ptelefolia(Champ.ex Benth.) Hartley) belongs to Melicope genus,Rutaceae.It was ever placed in Euodia J.R.& G Forst with scientific name Evodia lepta(Spreng.) Merr..In Flora of China Volume 11 published in 2008 most species descried in Euodia J.R.& G Forst are revised and reclassified to Melicope genus or Tetradium genus.In the southern area of China and in the neighboring district of South East Asia,San Ya Ku is a medical herb and a edible plant as well.It's a frequently used ingredient of Guang Dong herbal tea;also it serves as a medical herb for the treatment of injury,wounds, fester and eczema.Nowadays it's used as an ingredient in many Chinese patent medicines. In order to find its biological active compounds we studied the chemical composition of its stems and leaves severally and compared them with each other qualitatively and quantitatively.This dissertation includes three parts as follow:1.A overview of modern studies of Melicope genusThis paper provides an overview of study results related to chemical composition and biological activities of Melicope since late 40s last century.Summary of these results shows the chemotaxonornic characteristics of Melicope are compounds of Flavonol, furo[2,3-b]quinolines,prenylated acetophenones with geranyl substituents and compounds with oxidized acetyl group.2.Study of chemical composition of San Ya KuThe dried leaves powder of San Ya Ku was percolated with 80%EtOH to yield crude extract which was fractionated over Soxhlet's apparatus to give petroleum ether soluble fraction,ethyl acetate soluble fraction,acetone soluble fraction and methanol soluble fraction successively.With the uses of modern chromatography techniques on silica gel, Sephadex LH-20,ODS and semi-preparative HPLC the petroleum ether soluble fraction and ethyl acetate soluble fraction give 20 compounds.Among them,11 compounds were identified by means of physical and chemical methods and spectral data analysis which includes EIMS,ESIMS,¹HNMR,¹³CNMR,DEPT,¹H-¹H COSY,DQFCOSY,HMBC, HSQC,FTIR,UV.These compounds are 3,5,3'-trihydroxy-8,4'-dimethoxy-7-(3-methylbut-2-enyloxy)flavone(compoundâ…¡), 3,5,3'-trihydroxy-4'-methoxy-7-(3-methylbut-2-enyloxy)flavone(compoundâ…¢),3,5,4'-trihydroxy-8,3'-dimethoxy-7-(3-methylbut-2-enyloxy)flavone(compoundâ…£),3,7-methoxyl kaempferol(kamatakenin)(compoundâ…¤), kaempferol-3-O-α-L-arabinopyranoside(compoundâ…¥),kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside (compoundâ…¦),Isorhamnetin-3-O-α-L-arabinopyranoside(compoundâ…§),vanillic acid (compoundâ…¨),Tricosanoic acid tetradecyl ester(compoundâ…©),β-sitosterol(compoundâ…«), kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(compoundâ…©â…¢).The methanol soluble fraction of 95%ethanol extract of San Ya Ku stem was subjected to chromatography partition to yield 2 compounds,namely erythro-3-(1',2',3'-trihydroxy) isopentyl-7-hydroxycoumarin(compoundâ… ) and daucosterol(compoundâ…ª).Among these isolates,compoundâ… ,â…¡,â…¢are new compounds,which are given names pteleifolosin A,B and C,respectively.Compoundsâ…¥throughâ…ªand Compoundâ…©â…¢were isolated from Melicope genus for the first time.3.Comparative study on chemical compounds between stem and leaf of San Ya kuThe chemical compounds of stem and leaf of San Ya ku were compared with each other qualitatively and quantitatively.Qualitative comparing was achieved by means of HPLC fingerprint analysis as well as chemical compound pretesting of both leaf and stem. Results show that both stem and leaf have the same constituents' profiles,which consist mainly of flavonoid,alkaloid and glycoside.But there is more flavonoid,especially polar flavonoid,in leaf.Quantitative comparing,on the other hand,was achieved by means of determination and assay of kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside(compoundâ…¦) and total flavonoid each exist in stem and leaf.The method for determination of compoundâ…¦is HPLC while total flavonoid is colorimetric method.The results reveal that there is 6 times kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside and 4 times total flavonoid exist in leaf comparing with that in the stem.