Exploration Of Breast Cancer Angiogenesis, Cell Cycle Protein Regulation And Protein Optical Chip Clinical Applications

Breast Cancer has been proved to be a kind of angiogenesis-dependent tumor, and evidences have proved that human breast carcinoma undergoes a switch from a non-angiogenic phenotype to an angiogenic phenotype as they progress from pre-malignant stage to frankly invasive cancer, and the switch of angiogenic phenotype occurred earlier. This suggests the occurrence of a pro-angiogenic phenotype may be a rate-limiting step which can be blocked to help inhibit the tumor progression.About the mechanism of angiogenic switch, many researches were focused on pro- or anti-angiogenic factors secreted from tumor cells, while little work was done on the endothelial proliferating switch under the action of growth factor. Contrast to the highly quiescent endothelium in normal vascular well, tumor-derived endothelium has been shown to be in a rapid proliferating state. Clarification of the key factor regulating endothelial proliferating switch and its signal pathway will greatly help us understand the mechanism of angiogenesis.For studying the proliferating rate, cell cycle distribution and the ratio of survival and apoptotic cell give other signs for growth property of cells, especially the former, due to the fact that the three parts of cell proliferation (growth, DNA synthesis and mitosis) finish through the cell cycle course. So, it is important to count the amount of cells in different cell cycle and apoptotic cells. Present data show some genes that control cell cycle could be activated and some proteins could be over-expressed to improve cellular proliferation, cell cycle progression and inhibit apoptosis, such as cyclin D1 and Her 2. Due to the fact that HER 2 is over-expressed in 20%-30% breast cancer patient, studying the HER 2 pathway in HER 2 normally expressed condition seems to be more important, and the relationship between HER 2 and MVD in patients also needs to be studied.The endothelial proliferating switch can be resulted from the change of a series of protein and the interaction of these proteins. To study this sophisticated process, it would be better to develop a method that could comprehensively analyze the globally differential expression of proteins. Proteomics, based on the techniques of two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) and peptide mass fingerprinting (PMF), offers a promising way for its capability of resolving hundreds of proteins once time.