Ho-1, Sr-b I And Ras Expression In The Occurrence Of Atherosclerosis And The Interaction Of Basic And Clinical Research,

BackgroundCardiovascular and cerebral vascular diseases are severely hazardous disorders to people's health. Their most common pathological foundation is atherosclerosis (AS). The genesis of AS is complicated and its accurate mechanism has remained unclear. There are many risk factors in its genesis, such as hyperlipidemia and diabetes. But some antiatherosclerotic factors also exist in the body including heme oxygenase (HO) system and reverse cholesterol transport (RCT).HO is the intial and rate-limiting enzyme in the oxidative degradation of heme into biliverdin, iron, and carbon monoxide (CO). Biliverdin is subsequently reduced to bilirubin by biliverdin reductase. There are three isozymes of HO, HO-1, HO-2, HO-3. HO-1, an inducible isozyme of HO, is present at all tissues in the body. Its activity is increased by a variety of stimulants including hypoxia, oxidative stress, oxidized low density lipoprotein(ox-LDL), heavy metal, heme, endotoxin and heat-shock factors.Heme is a strong oxide and can induce cellular oxidation. Studies indicate that HO can protect the body by degradation of heme and its metabolic production, biliverdin, bilirubin, iron and CO.The expression of HO-1 is very little in normal vascular endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells (VSMC), and increases in the plaques in atherosclerotic...