Comparative Study Of BRICs' Health System

Research purposesBRIC countries" refers to Brazil, Russia, India and China, four large emerging market economies in transition. The core of the transformation of a country is the large-scale institutional changes in political, constitutional rules and major economic system, and the changing in health system is just part of the transformation. This study aimed to summarize the "BRIC" health system and its operational mechanism and relevant literature on the basis of lessons learned, analysis and comparison of the "BRIC's" health systems, the system model and its political and economic development and other related conditions. Through analysis and comparison and the study of future trends in health system development and based on China's actual conditions, combined with China's future economy and society, long-term development planning and goal of building a moderately prosperous society, this research makes the current health system reform and improve ideas and policy recommendations for improving of China's health care system system services.Research Methods(1) litrature analysis Through literature, summarized the international and domestic research results, on this basis, this paper established the theoretical framework of the system, a clear methodology and indicators. Through access to relevant policy provisions, statistics and other data and information, a comprehensive understanding of the BRIC countries health system system.(2) comparative analysis In this study, extensive use of comparative analysis, by comparing the quantitative and qualitative differences between sub-regions, to determine the strengths and weaknesses, enhance predictability, and provide a valid policy reference. From China, India, Brazil, Russia and China BRIC system and its health system specific national conditions, national health system, establishment of a system, the development of socio-economic background and status of system operation, in order to classify the methods of analysis to compare methods of research, summarizes the development of related laws, the Chinese health system to provide practical experience.(3) The Delphi methodCollection and collation of the survey the development of national health-related statements, reports and other information at the same time, through multiple countries to consult medical experts in the field and interviews to discuss health reform content, process and effectiveness and future direction of reform the problem.(4) Historical analysisUsing historical record and a detailed analysis of the BRIC countries at that specific transiting period, primarily focusing on four countries in the political, economic and social structural changes, the health care system, major changes, and then summarizing findings.Research contentIn this study, China, India, Brazil, Russia, the BRIC countries and China's health care system for the study of the scope of institutional analysis for the study of the main line of development from the perspective of historical development, degree of formation and evolution of the process, from the political, social and economic background the theoretical basis of the system, making health care system, BRIC-depth analysis and analysis based on a comparative study of two systems. In drawing on China, India, Brazil, Russia, the BRIC countries, based on lessons learned, the design of future institutional system of health care framework, proposed a reform and improve the current system of health care system reform ideas.(1) analysis of China, India, Brazil, Russia and China(BRIC) health care system in the background, analysis of their system formation and evolution process.(2) building performance evaluation of China, India, Brazil, Russia, BRIC's health care system for comprehensive and objective evaluation.(3) analysis and comparison of China, India, Brazil, Russia, BRIC health system strengths and weaknesses to summarize the lessons learned.(4) through the analysis and comparison of China, India, Brazil, Russia, BRIC's health care system, the system of internal as well as their relevance and socio-economic, political and cultural conditions of the external dependencies. According to China's national conditions, combined with China's future economy and society, long-term development planning and community health objectives by the current health system reform and improve the ideas and policy recommendations.The results(1) establish a national health care system and improvement depends not only on the level of economic development, but also depend on the political will and social values.(2) national health care system can not only take a single model, but according to their national conditions, drawing on international experience, to determine a model for the dominant and diverse modes of complex health care systems coexist.(3) In establishing and improving health care systems play a leading role. The more developed the economy, the government's public funding accounted for the greater proportion of total health expenditure, government expenditure on health accounted for the total government budget, the greater the proportion of expenditures.(4) National health care system is largely the same basic functions.Conclusions(1) follow the "low level and wider coverage" principle, establish the whole people health care system. To mobilize countries-market-the collective power of social three parties, set up by the government, the unit, the society and individual DuoFang common fundraising, forced ginseng protect social medical insurance system, and reflect medical insurance of fairness and sex of each other aid.(2) Establish a "separate management office politics, separation" management system and of corporate governance of the public hospital governance structure. Establish a public hospital system for investors, solve the property right of state-owned assets absent subject and realize management office separation. In the basic medical service system in a public hospital should guarantee the dominant sex, clarifying government to public hospital financial support, efficient management responsibility, promote basic health care to the accessibility and fairness. Make laws and regulations, allow to social capital to participate in social public welfare and the establishment of the non-profit, for-profit hospitals, make it become the important supplement of the public hospital, consider the form of service by buying into the basic medical service system, and actively encourage public medical institutions and private medical agency partners and fair competition relations. At the same time to establish China's all-around doctor system, cultivate all-around doctor team, set up corresponding incentive mechanism, which enables the general practitioner in the community to long-term service, the realization "gatekeeper" role, gradually to the doctor's more practice.(3)Through the support to promote the momentum of reform to speed up the reform process. The middle class is raising the national health level of the force at the core, shall be through the perfect medical security system and improve the education system of popularity, the reduction of poverty population, and expand the number of middle stage, the construction of the civil society. At the same time, the government should actively guide peasants to form their own group organization, improving farmers' self organization level, perfect the interests of farmers expressing mechanism and method, clear and broaden the interests of expression and communication channels to fully reflect the public interests and needs. Research features and innovations(1) more fully on the "BRIC" transformation in the health care system has been systematically studied. Political environment of these countries, health financing, organization and management, resource allocation, service delivery, financial risk-sharing, etc., from the evolution of national systems to track changes in the history of summary and comparison of national health reform experiences and lessons learned, is still China's first times on the "BRIC" health system, the system comprehensive exposition and comparison.(2) to consider the time, institutional, and political and social factors, the national health system in transition to make the system to explain the complex evolution. By comparing and analyzing the "BRIC" health system common problems, and problem solving with the basic ideas, quantitative, qualitative differences between sub-regions, to determine the strengths and weaknesses, enhance predictability, and provide effective policy learning, is the first sub-systems of the countries health systems targeted depth comparison and analysis, concluded that high scientific reference.(3) to promote reform in this study was to analyze in depth and dynamic mechanism to promote institutional change, that the ruling elites, civil society and the middle class is to promote health system reform, an important driving force, so to support the interests of farmers groups, to expand the number of middle class and strengthen the private Hospital development will help to promote the sound development of health systems, policy recommendations proposed in this study is novel, for the current health system reform has high reference value.