| Abjective:The occurrence and development of cancer are affected by many factors. The most important is how to define the role of exercise among these factors, and to find channels or mechanism through which exercise may affect the occurrence and development of cancer. Therefore, targeting on long term cancer survival, based on an accurate measuring selfcontrol exercise load, this study aims at exploring the effects and mechanism of selfcontrol exercise on the above mentioned cancer survivors, and trying to provide theoretical basis and reference for cancer treatment and rehabilitation.Methods:Based on epidemiological case-control study matching reference design, the author selected 40 cancer survivors to form an exercise group, who have survived for more than 10 years, from more than 20,000 members of the Shanghai School of Cancer Rehabilitation to participate in selfcontrol exercise. Meanwhile 40 persons were chosen matching the above subjects in terms of age, gender, cancer type, treatment, survival time to form a control group, which does not take part in selfcontrol exercise and other regular exercise. The volunteers consist of 69 person to pair 30 couples who consent to collect the blood sample. Some questionnaires was adopted to survey the detailed medical history, health status, subjective well-being, physical activities of these subjects in two groups. To measure the rest energy expenditure, the gas and energy metabolism during selfcontrol exercise and daily walking by indirect calorimetry, To measure the blood routine, the lymphocyte surface antigen expression such as CD3/CD4/CD8/CD19/CD16+56 and CD4/CD25 by using direct immunofluorescence staining and flow cytometry. To measure serum superoxide dismutases, glutathion peroxidase, total antioxidant capacity, malonalde-hyde by chemical colorimetry.Results:1.Gas metabolism:The values of VO2 and VO2/Kg were respectively 913.06 ml/min and 14.10 ml/min/kg during Natural Walking phase, which was approximately 2.4 times of that in the Warm-up and 1.6 times of that in the Close-up. There was a consistent variation trend and extent between Rf, VE, VO2, VO2/HR and VO2/Kg during Warm-up, Natural Walking, Close-up and daily walking, meanwhile these values of men was higher than women. VE/VO2 and VE/VCO2 showed a relativelystable status during all exercise phase, and did not differ between men and women,however, VT of men was different from women. 2.Immune system function:In the non-matching and matching conditions, bothabsolute value and percentage of CD3+T had an higher trend in exercise groupcompared with control group. In the non-matching conditions, the ratio of CD4+/CD8+in exercise group were significantly lower than that in the control group but there wasno significance when in the matching conditions. The absolute value and percentageof CD4+CD25+T were significantly lower than the control group in the non-matchingand matching conditions. The CD(16+56)+ in exercise group had a higher trend thanthe control group in the non-matching and matching conditions, but no statisticalsignificance was observed (CV=0.53). CD4+CD25+Tr was negatively correlated withCD(16+56)+ and total lymphocyte count. 3.Free radical metabolism:The serum SOD, T-AOC and MDA of exercise groupwere all higher than that of the control group, and MDA was positively correlatedwith SOD. 4.Resting energy expenditure:The mean REE of exercise group less than thecontrol group but no significant. 5.Quality of life:The score of Life Satisfaction Index A and Life SatisfactionIndex B of exercise group was higher than the control group significantly. The scoreof General Well-being Schedule of the exercise group was higher than the controlgroup, the score of energy, anxiety or happiness mood, control of emotion andbehavior were higher than the control group. the score of Index of Well-being and itssubscales A,H,B,C of the exercise group was higher than the control group, the indexof general affection and life satisfaction were all higher than the control group too. 6.Correlation between variables:The CD3+ was positively correlated withGeneral Well-Being and Index of Well-being; however, there was no relevancebetween immunity, free radical and REE was observed.Conclusion: 1.Selfcontrol exercise is a moderate intensity aerobic exercise, and no directevidence proving the benefits of the exercise mode is "absorbing a lot of oxygen". 2. CD19+account for 10.94% in peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets, CD3+ andCD(16+56)+account for 62.81% and 21.47% respectively, suggested that the immunefunction of the long term cancer survivals is mainly still cell immunity. Theselfcontrol exercise increased the cell immune function which by T cell and NK cell-mediated, and reduced the suppression and down-regulation to the cell immunity andtotal lymphocyte count which mediated by T regulatory cells. 3.The serum SOD, T-AOC and MDA of exercise group were all higher than that of the control group, which suggested that the generate and scavenging of free radical speed up in the exercise group, the mean metabolic rate increased. but the oxidative stress remain in a state of dynamic equilibrium.4.The REE of long term cancer survival insisting on selfcontrol exercise was lower than the control group.5.Exercise improved the subjective well-being level of the cancer survivals, life quality of exercisers is higher, they live more happierly and more satisfactorily.6.The components of the immune system CD3+ was positively correlated with the components of subjective well-being GWB and IWB, suggested that selfcontrol exercise have a combined effect on the physical and mental health and the life quality of cancer survivors through the direct action and interaction between the immune system and mental status.
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