Nantong City And Town Spatial Structure Evolution Of Evolution

Since W. Christaller put forward Central Place Theory in 1930's, the directions and emphases of the urban system research kept changing from static to dynamic, from structural to mechanism to optimize the structures in order to achieve balanced development among regional economy, society and environment.The Nantong city is located at the border of Yangtze River and Yellow Sea in the north of the Yangtze River Delta. It also located at the peak of the first-grade development axis "T" of our country. It separates Yangtze River with Shanghai, the largest international trade center in China. The writer's study of "The evolution process and regulations of Nantong urban system spatial structure" is a detail, enrichment and complement to the tutor's main topic: Research of space structure in Yangtze Valley.Through this paper, I draw the following conclusions:(1) The development of Nantong urban system spatial structure is pushing with the land from northwest to southeast. The form and development of Nantong urban system spatial structure can be divided into five phases: the blank phases, the forming phases, central city's forming phase, town grades forming phases, multi-center/network developing phase.(2) Formation and development of Nantong City Urban is affected by various factors, such as the land size, the change of coastline and bank line, the extension of sea walls and canals, the formation and development of industries, the formation and development of central city, the change of traffic conditions, the regional and cultural conditions and so on.(3) In different periods, evolution of Nantong City Urban spatial structure has different characteristics: the ancient town spatial structure is simple, loose, small-scale urban; the recent town spatial structure started to compact and form Nantong city as the center of the urban system; the modern town spatial structure comes dense, and scale vaster, grade clear, cities and towns tie closely, and mainly compose of man-made and conscious activities.(4) The regulation of the formation and distribution in Nantong:①Before recent time, the formation of Nantong related to the development of salt cooking industry, agriculture and aquaculture, textile industry, transportation industry etc., It distributed as following regulations : Firstly, distributed along coastline irregularly in arc-shape; secondly, distributed along canals; thirdly, distributed along the center of Nantong City.②)After recent time and before the reform and opening, influenced by a series of unusual factors, such as war and Cultural Revolution etc., the development of the town was almost on stagnation. After the reform and opening especially from the 1990's, three chances made Nantong developed quickly, they were: the performance of the reform and opening policy in 1980's, 20th century; Mr. Deng Xiaoping's Southern Expedition, the development of Pudong District; the globalize economic since 2000 made Yangzi Valley a FDI. The character of its distribution and development were as follows: Firstly, towns gathered together toward along-river; secondly, towns developed towards deep content; thirdly, differences between the south and the north enlarged; fourthly, the development of the town presented the systematic network. (5)The regulation of urban spatial structure evolution in Nantong City:The quantities of the towns were from zero to more, the scales were from small to large, the grades were from the same to different, the spatial structures were from simple to complex, the relations between towns were from incompact to compact.. As the center of the development, Nantong City develops in a fan-shaped radial to the counties and districts,which is highly in accordance with the time sequence. The general trend develops in outreached Coaxial (start-picture), from northwest to southeast, between the coast and inland, also showing a partial filling. As policy and regional factors, we can see the development of along the Yangtze River axis.(6) Mode of urban spatial structure evolution in Nantong City.①Ancient urban evolved from inland to coastal (from BC to Opium War). Before the central cityformed, stage 1: urban scattered distributed, stage 2: "T" shaped distribution along the canal andthe coastline. After the central city formed, stage 3: the distribution of "one spot, one axis and onearc line"; stage 4: the distribution of "one spot, one axis and three coastal circles".②Recent urban evolved from central cities to perimeter (from the Opium War to 1949). CentralCity spread in spotted state, urban developed along canal, coastline and the Cuanchang River,Because of the Yangtze River and the upgraded status of port in city, urban along the riverdeveloped; the political and economic center transfered from Yangzhou to Tongzhou.③Modern urban evolved from along coast to along river (from 1949 to 2005). Stage 1: theslowly internal filling period (before the reform and opening up); Stage 2: 1978～1998, "one spotand four along the line" period; Stage 3: the distribution of "1,6, 3".(7) Nantong City, not only has the general rules of the urban spatial structure theory, but also has its peculiarity.①Before the formation of a central city, the land area is smaller. As Nantong is located at the edge of Yangzhou, it developed slowly. After the Central City formed, Nantong had its own administrative centre, which had an impact on the development of the Tongzhou City . After the land formed stably, Nantong City began to build its own urban system, the new Core-periphery region came into being.②According to the Central Place Theory, we can conclude that the Central City must be Jinsha Town. However, due to the intervention of Yangtze River, the opening system, Central City appeared in Nantong City which is beside the Yangtze River. Different from the Central Place Theory, which considers from top to bottom, before the Central City formed in Nantong, the development of urban from bottom to top, but after it, it developed oppositely.③Urban distributed in axis along the canal, coastline, sea walls and Yangtze River shoreline, etc. The transportation nodes developed into county town or central city. Which verified the Spot-axis Structure Theory and Growth Pole Theory.(8) In the future, Nantong City urban system spatial structure will along three development axes: first to Qidong, along Shanghai and coastline in Liusi Town; second to Rudong, and exploit Yankou Port; third to Haian, hinge of transportation. One region: Nantong City. Tongzhou City and Haimen City make up Desakota.