A4 Protein Precursor In Sperm Membrane Protein Ywk-ii Antigen Cdna Cloning Expression And Function

Cell is awash in a sea of messengers from hormones, cytokins, and a host of Other molecules in addition to growth factors. All must be transmitted through intermediates to the cells interior in response to the environment changes. In living cells there are multitudinous biochemical reactions to take place at every time in response to changing environment. Biochemical reactions in all cells are regulated by sophisticated biological mechanism. Most of the biological regulation actions are mediated by directly or indirectly conformation change of the regulator proteins. Signal system in living cells contain three parts which include receptor, messenger amplification and effector. A receptor can recognize various environment stimulates, and activates signal amplification system. Messenger molecules in cells act or target molecules and trigger off the changes of enzymatic effects or alter penetration of the biology membrane against specific materies. In some case, they regulate certain gene expressions to generate a permanent effects of physiology or pathology.Spermatozoa are highly differentiated reproductive cells. The process of fertilization is a series of complex signal system net transduction actions. This process reflects not only the general signal transduction laws in somatic cells but also the special properties of reproductive cells.It was found that the receptor for insulin-like growth facter II (IGF-IIR) couples directly to Gi protein throgh a short region of 14 amino acid reseduces. There have been many studies support the concept that short...