Studies On Four Representative Operation Optimization Problems Condering Multi-objective

Operations management is an area of management concerned with designing and controlling the process of production and redesigning business operations in the production of goods or services. Today, with the rapid development of economy, more and more organizations focus on the operation management and optimization, whether it is profit organizations or nonprofit organizations. In addition, a lot of decision-making problems encountered in actual life and work often have multiple objectives, and the operational management issues are no exception. In this dissertation, we mainly study the operation optimization based on multiple objectives, it includes operation optimizations of the profit organizations and nonprofit organizations. For further subdivision, profit organizations consist of manufacturing industry and service industry. And the nonprofit organizations include the government and non-government organizations. And we will introduce our study on these four aspects as follows:In the study of manufacturing industry’s multi-objective operation optimization, we mainly focus on the problem of supplier selection in the make-to-order (MTO) supply chain. Make-to-Order manufacturers often encounter the following dilemma: The order comes irregularly and it would cost too much to finish the order on time because the lead time is sensitive and multiple custom parts are not stocked. One possible solution for MTO manufacturers is to establish the long term cooperation relationship with sourcing suppliers to assure the delivery performance with appropriate cost. With the aid of the sharing information, MTO manufacturers can rapidly select the sourcing partners and determine the associated quantity allocation for each selected supplier. By introducing a frontier method based on data envelopment analysis technique, this study helps MTO manufacturers determine the portfolios through calculating and evaluating two factors, on time probability and associated cost. The method provides a pool of frontier portfolios ranging from higher on time probability and higher cost to less on time probability and less cost. It gives MTO manufacturers a flexibility to choose the optimal solution according to the MTO manufacturers’ preference.In the study of service industry’s multi-objective operation optimization, we provide a framework for a marketing manager to make advertising decisions for price-sensitive products. One promotion, price discount, is offered at the same time as local advertising and national advertising. Unlike previous studies that mainly considered sales profit as the primary goal, this study considers two other attributes, goodwill and customer scale, in making advertising investments.In all cases, a strategy with larger values of these attributes is better. However, maximizing these three attributes simultaneously is difficult or impossible, so managers must balance trade-offs between them. We utilize the stochastic multi-criteria acceptability analysis (SMAA) in this paper. This method is a multi-attributes decision support technique based on exploring the weight space, which can help managers make optimal advertising decisions regarding these three attributes.In the study of multi objective operation optimization of non-governmental organizations, we mainly consider the study of the pre-reserve network of the Chinese Red Cross. The Chinese Red Cross is a unified organization of the Red Cross in People’s Republic of China, a social assistance organization engaged in humanitarian work. It is a member of the International Red Cross and play a vital role in the emergency rescue work of all kinds of natural disasters. In order to improve the emergency response system, decrease the response time, we mainly study the pre-reserve network of medical supplies. There are two main reasons of medical supplies reserve:First, the main function of Chinese Red Cross in the disaster relief process is medical help. The second reason is that timely medical treatment directly relate to the life and health of affected people in disaster. In the pre-reserve system establishment process, we consider three attributes including associate cost、 insufficient risk and utility of relief supplies. For such a multi-criteria problem, we· introduce two extend DEA models based on equity and effectiveness and obtain the optimal pre-reserve network of medical supplies respectively for the Chinese Red Cross.In the study of multi-objective operation optimization of government organizations, we mainly study the performance evaluation of the Office of Disability Adjudication and Review (ODAR) in the United States Social Security Administration (SSA). In the study, we propose a multi-stage DEA method to analyzing the efficiency of 167 hearing offices of ODAR. In the first stage, we use the traditional CCR and BCC model to calculate the efficiency of all hearing offices to find out the efficient and inefficient offices, and obtain initial improvement for inefficient offices base on the result. In the second stage, we use the slack based model to find out weak efficient offices with non-zero slacks and corresponding improve space. Besides, with the result, we also can get the further improvement for inefficient offices. In the third stage, using the super efficiency DEA model to rank all office according their super efficiency value. Finally, the government can make policy improvement based on the comprehensive analysis.Contributions of the dissertation are as follows.1) In the MTO supplier selection research, we consider two factors including the on-time possibility and associate cost and use the DEA method to find the frontier portfolios pool. Then the manufacturers can choose the preference one in the frontier portfolio pool. This method makes up the deficiencies in previous studies 2)In the study of advertising strategies of service industry, in addition to sale profit, we also consider two non-profit indices which are goodwill and customer scale. And introduce SMAA method in finding the optimal advertising strategy with three contributes considered simultaneously.3) In the study of pre-positioning relief supplies, we firstly propose the fairness oriented DEA model and effectiveness oriented DEA model to help the Chinese Red Cross to find the optimal strategies under the principle of equity and effectiveness while considering cost, risk and utility at the same time.4) At last, in the multi objective operation optimization study of the United State Social Security Administration (SSA), we are the first one to present a multi-stage DEA method in performance estimation of 167 hearing offices of ODAR. And the government can find the inefficient reasons and make policy improvement through the efficiency analysis.