Research On Development Of Sustainable Economy Based On The Constraint Of Nature Resources And Environment In Tajikistan

Sustainable development means to satisfy the demand of the current generation people, while no harmwould be brought to people of later generations,. Thus, it is a coordinated development among economy,society, population and nature, based on sustainably ecological, economic and social growth. The economicsustainable development is standing at the core position in these systems. The core of economicsustainability refers to the fact that economic progress can not overtake the support of natural environmentand is thus a coordinated development within economy, resources and nature. The resources restriction isexplained as the limitation to economic growth because of natural sources’ declination or insufficiency insupply and difficulty in exploration and the forthcoming shortage. The resources sustainable developmentis standing at the important place in the sustainable development system.Tajikistan is a landlocked country in southeast of central Asia and about93percent of land area existsin high mountains. Tajikistan is abundant of water resources and its reserves rank eighth in the worldaccounting for half of central Asia. There are sufficient mineral resources with the big reserves of somemineral reserves in Tajikistan. More than400ore belt have been found, including some precious metalsverified, such as lead and zinc、gold、tungsten、tin、antimony、silver and more than50minerals, suchas oil and gas、rock salt. The reserves of some resources, like silver、lead and zinc、antimony and rock salt,ranked in the world’s top or Asia. In recent years, Tajikistan’s economic growth rate is in more than7percent and the gross domestic product(GDP) reached to$8.5billion in2013and one、two、three industryaccounted for21.1percent、23.2percent、 and55.7percent of gross domestic product respectively in2013.The effect of the third industry plays a vital role in economic growth while domestic consumption is themain driving force of economic growth. Foreign debt accounted for25.4percent of gross domestic productin2013.Based on the framework of sustainable development theory and natural resources restriction theories,this dissertation presents the analysis of the correlation between the natural environment and the economicgrowth, the factors that limit its economic development and the relative resolution to realize the sustainabledevelopment. The main content includes three parts:(1) the analysis of natural resources’ restricting theeconomic development;(2) the calculation and analysis of its natural resources support power as well asthe relevant mode from the aspects of its water, land, mine, and environment sources;(3) the quantitativeanalysis of its driving force and quality of its economic growth based on the relevant characters.(4) theconstructive and comprehensive mode of its coordinated economic and environmental development withthe assistance of Coordinative Mode;(5) the analysis of its potential sustainable development power and the contributing factors;(6) the discussion of its problems and the rational solutions on its sustainabledevelopment way in the light of the experience from the developed countries.Based on the above analysis, conclusions are reached as follows:First: The oil, natural gas and land resources are increasingly rare among its natural resources inTajikistan, greatly limiting its economic development, while the mineral sources are still at the stage ofbeing discovered and explored leading to low contribution to the economic growth.Second: The labor sources are the supporting power to Tajikistan economic development under thebackground of overreliance on foreign countries and low production power. Meanwhile, its industry is stillat the beginning stage with slow development pace, low percentage among the GDP, elementaryurbanization and large population of farmers.Third: The results can be obtained from the analysis of economic development’s natural resources andenvironmental supporting power:(1) relatively limited support from Tajikistan oil, natural gas, soil andpowerful support from water, environment and mines;(2) economic development’s natural resources andenvironmental comprehensive supporting power keeps a high level for the economic growth and it reflectsthat natural resources and environmental supporting load for economic growth keeps a low level.Fourth: The qualitative analysis of the correlation between resources as well as environment and theeconomic development demonstrates that its economic development is at the state of being weaklysustainable. By contrast, the calculation of its coordinated development shows that the degree ofcoordination is positive but only to a certain extent. All these reflect that the natural resources are affectedand consumed minor and they are developing in a low coordinate mode with insufficient usage of thesources.In light of the above analysis, the resolution to Tajikistan’s sustainable development are being putforward from the aspects of promoting the upgrade of industrial structure, stimulating the growth ofmodern agriculture and the third industry, developing private-owned business, pushing the development ofborder trade, accelerating the accumulation of talents and capital and joining the construction of “the SilkRoad Economic District”. Meanwhile, Recycling economy should be adopted so as to eliminate or releasethe limitation of natural resources, ensure the complement of sustainable development policy, improve theefficiency of using resources and reduce its exploration.