Operation Mechanism And Model Optimization Of Grain Emergency Reserve Network

Disasters often cause significant personal and property loss and a serious health threat to people’s lives and property safety. Improving the grain emergency supply network will ensure timely supply of emergency grain while a disaster happened; significantly improve the emergency rescue effects. Grain emergency reserve network play a crucial role to ensure national grain security, dealing with emergencies and stable grain market prices, Timely, adequate food supply is not only the premise of emergency rescue activities, is the guarantee of the reconstruction of disaster areas. Because our country food emergency reserves started late, the food emergency reserve network construction is not perfect, the lack of scientific and systematic analysis to study the food emergencyreserve network, only grasp grain emergency reserve network operation mechanism to determine the most optimal grain reserves network space layout, inventory strategy and distribution strategy, to achieve the optimal allocation of grain emergency reserve network.With the support of national social science fund, this paper mainly studied the following content: based on relevant grain emergency reserve network research results, the author summarizes the applicable to the regional grain emergency reserve network optimization models and methods, use field investigation and relevant literature to master grain emergency reserve network in our country development present situation, grasp the grain emergency reserve network in our country the actual operation process, analysis the grain emergency reserve network structure and discusses its operation mechanism, and research the key factors which influencing the grain emergency rescue support capability based on the system dynamics model of the operation of the grain emergency reserve network by system simulation method, then establish the emergency reserve network’s location-inventory model and vehicle routing model according to these key factors, optimize the grain emergency reserve network through designing heuristic algorithm, then make empirical research on the grain emergency network construction of Beijing fangshan district, the paper finally summarizes the research conclusion, points out the further research direction.Through the study we found that:(1) Emergency reserve network is essentially the government under the supervision of food including raw grain supplier, store the grain emergency stockpile of enterprises and supply network structure in a three-stage supply chain; Grain emergency reserve network operation mechanism mainly include the reserve security mechanism, grain rotation mechanism, emergency response mechanism, organization and coordination mechanism, interest balance mechanism and supervision and constraint mechanism.(2) The system dynamics simulation of grain emergency reserve network found that:the enterprise reserves processed grain which commissioned by the government can make a significant relief effect at the beginning of the disaster, emergency stockpile of the processed grain is necessary, at the same time the government’s choice and regulation for enterprise is crucial; emergency grain supply exists information delays and logistics delay; significant factors affecting the effects of emergency rescue is included the number of enterprises, generation enterprise storage space layout, store and inventory strategy and store the service scope of the enterprise.(3) Through the establishment of location-inventory and vehicle routing model implements the grain emergency reserve network optimization, solved the grain emergency reserve space layout of the network facilities, inventory strategy and distribution path, through numerical examples verify the effectiveness of the proposed model and algorithm.We try to innovate in the following several aspects:(1)Considering the limitation of the traditional risk measure method research on the risk of sudden disaster, this paper adopts the system dynamics method in the reserve network risk measure of emergency grain, and puts government supervision,government subsidies factors in the model, according to the actual situation of grain emergency reserves, to explore the dynamic changes of grain emergency network operation;(2)According to the characteristic of grain and disaster, this paper establishes the grain emergency reserve network optimization model with the rotation mechanism of grain, considering the storage facility location and inventory strategy, and pay attention to the public welfare and economy of food emergency reserve network.;(3) This paper makes optimization of grain emergency reserve network and pay attention to the public welfare and economy of food emergency reserve, and makes some improvement on the existing research to pursue modeling ideas of lowest cost or maximum coverage.