Research On Tempo-spatial Characteristics Of Urban Land Value In China From The Perspective Of Urban Systems

With the urbanization progress going on in our country, the urban land is takingmore and more important role as one of the basic factors in industrial and econommicfield. The price of urban land takes critical role among allocation and management ofland resource as the value measure. At present, the researches around the urban landprice management have been developed widely, obtained rich harvest, and suppliedsolid threaretic basis to the further research. But, some shortages appear in currentresearches at the same time, as political and economic reform steps forward. Forexample, Research scale about urban land price is too simple and not systematic. So,it results some problems. Spatial distribution researches about urban land price mainlyfocus in inner urban. Researches on land price of urban system are rarely involved.But all these relevant researches on land price of urban system can providefundametal backings for urban system planning, tax grading criteria to the differenturban location, the population flowing across different cities, improving dynamicmonitoring to the urban land price, and the forecast of urban land price risk. So,considering the importance of research on urban land price system, the deepdiscussing on spatial distribution characteristic and influencing factors about the landprice in urban system are necessary. Around above problems, adopting these researchmethods of different levels and different dimensions, taking GIS based ongeo-statistics as tool, taking bench mark land price as data, some researches abouturban business land price, residential land price, industial land price are carried on.They mainly include:(1)Determine the methods to get the necessary data. Research on spatial rules of theurban system involves many cities, so it needs to take an urban area as a data samplepoint to consider. This encounters problems about how to describe land price of oneurban area, and how to obtain the urban land price.(2)Carry on some researches on methods to describe the distribution characteristicsof land price in urban system, measurement system and index partition. According tothe basic spatial distribution characteristics of land price in different urban level andregion, the general description methods and the measure system of land price in urbansystem are determined. This aim is to reveal the land price spatial variation ofdifferent scale urban system.(3) The analysis to spatial characteristics of the different urban system levels is made by using the geostatistical analysis methods. Because urban system is amulti-level complex, a town system is composed of multi low level of urban systems,and is also a part of higher level of city system. Based on the urban system rules, theurban land price systems in our country are divided into different level of land pricesystem.(4) Following the fractal dimension studing method on urban system spatialdistribution, the factors that affect the different urban land price system aredetermined. The number of factors affecting urban land price are perplexing. Somefactors are sorted out and determined according to the different levels of the urbansystem.Through studying lots of factors which influence urban land price, researchesabout land price spatial distribution pattern and causes of different scale urban systemin our country are carried on. Some principles are as followed：(1)The land price has abvious variation among different land using ways. Thespatial distribution characteristics are correlative to the using ways of land. What theprice is, how they distribute, and how they change in business land price, residentialland price, and industrial land price are different.(2)Based on a general distribution feature, the urban land price system of eachlevel and each scale has different dominant distribution regulations. From large scalepoint of view, the land price of main urban system in China has obvious spatialvariability with the single direction. In the middle scale, provincial region and urangroup, the land price in urban system usually has single center or multi centers asextreme high point, from which urban land price decreases to all direction. Accordingto the provincial location in the nation, the spatial distribution of urban land price israther complex, such as the amount of hot center, land prices declining speed, thedifference of evenness index.(3)As an index to reflecting the character of the city, the land price distribution is arating system, and different scale of urban land price system shows differentcharacteristics. The land price of intermediate sequence in main urbans is moredeveloped. In the land price system of the provincial urban, there are more proportionof low land price urban areas. And these principles are among the procedure ofchanging.(4)Because of all kinds of connections, urban land price has the special spatialassociation. In land price system of every urban level, the correlation degree of urban group is strongest, but the correlation span is maximum; the global correlation ofmain urban system in national region and urban system in provincial administrativeare almost the same, but it is lower than urban group. At the same time, thisphenominan exists that the correlation degree of developed area is larger than that ofdeveloping areas. In the local correlation degree and space variation of urban landprice system, they show different characteristics due to development differences andnatural conditions differences.(5) In term of time, all index about the land price in the urban system haveexperienced drastic change. In recent decade, the urban land price has changed a lot indifferent land style, different urban rank level, different region, due to the economyand population changing. But these changings have various style for different reasons.(6)Due to the complexity of urban land price influencing factors, it will be helpfulto carry on research on urban land based on different scales. Through the analysis offactors that influence urban land price in different spatial scale system, thisphenominan, which no matter what scale level the city is, urban agglomeration hassignificant effect on the urban land price is found. The urban scale is larger, economiclevel is higher, the corresponding land price is higher too. But the influencing factorsof land price in different scale urban system have big differences. For big city, the cityinfrastructure, environmental factors, natural condition, land supply constraints andother factors have an important effect on the urban land price; for the regional cityagglomeration, although the scale factor of urban land price has significant effect onthe urban land price, the urban location factor begins to show a more important role.