| There are various sleep deprivation (SD) in many businesses which has important effects on physiology and psychology activities. Tremendous research has been done in the fields of the military and special profession. Arousal level will be lowered after SD. Many cognitive functions will be lowered too, among which attention ability lowers most significantly. Based on that, we investigated the effects of SD on executive function that needs higher conscious level and applied process dissociation procedure to investigate effects of SD on different components of memory.32 healthy young males who attended the experiment on their own wills weredivided into four groups (SD21, SD45, SD69 and Control, eight each group). The experiment was divided into three parts. Firstly using Letter Cancellation Test (LCT), alertness/sleepy subjective assessment and event-related potential (ERP) to investigate the effects of SD on attention. Secondly, effects of SD on frontal executive function were studied. Based on the model by Barley, Pennington and Fuster which divided the executive function 'family' into six members ?behavioral inhibition, set-shifting, self-regulation of affect and arousal, working memory, analysis/synthesis, and contextual memory, we chose Stroop Color-word Interference Task, Card Sorting Test, Uchida-Kraekpelin serial addition test (UK), Memory Span, Digit Subtraction Test(DST), Random Number Generation(RNG), Word Fluency Test and Word Contextual Memory. In the tests of Stroop Color-word Interference Task and Word Contextual Memory, ERP was also used to investigate the possible brain mechanism. Lastly, effects of SD on perceptual priming and semantic priming were investigated. Based on that, using process dissociation procedure in the test of word stem completion, we studied the effects of SD on consciousness and automaticity of memory and furthermore investigated the prospective and retrospective metamemory in different conditions. Main results and conclusions are the followings:1. Attention ability declined and vigilance level lowered after SD. LCT, subjective assessment and ERP are the sensitive tests to check the lowering attention of SD. Indexes which were sensitive even in SD21 included total sleepy degree of subjective assessment, reaction time of ERP behavior, latency of SW, amplitude of P300, latency of P300, hit number of LCT and amplitude of N200. And the last three ones were also sensitive to different lengths of SD.2. Executive function was damaged after SD, and aggravated as time prolonged.Tests requiring working memory and inhibition were damaged more severely. Indexes sensitive to even SD21 included: missed numbers of both conditions of Stroop Color-word Interference Task, total numbers and RNG of RNG, right ratio and missed ratio of Source Memory, completed numbers, wrong numbers and changed rate of second part of UK. Among these, RNG, total completed numbers and second part completed numbers of UK were also sensitive to different lengths of SD.3. SD had effects on both perceptual and semantic priming. The effect on perceptual priming was larger than that on semantic priming. The effect on perceptual priming was significant after SD21 while that on semantic priming was significant after SD45. Consciousness and automaticity of memory were both affected by SD. With the extending of SD, both contributions declined and were significant in SD69. Effects on consciousness before SD45 was larger, however effects on automaticity was larger after SD45. The correlation of prospective metamemory with memory achievement was lower that that of retrospective metamemory with memory. Subjects of SD69 had an inclination to overestimate their achievement. Prospective metamemory in exclusion test had no significant correlation with memory achievement while retrospective metamemory of all groups had significant correlation. The ability of metamemory was not significantly declined after SD. But subjects of SD had an inclination to make extreme estimation.4. The region affected by SD expan...
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