| About one quarter of Lycoris species are mainly distributed in China. In addition to a high ornamental value, it contains a wealth of alkaloids which has been widely applied. Recently, galanthamine alkaloids extracted from Lycoris has been used in clinical treatment of the early and medium-term Alzheimer's disease.In this paper, lycoris aurea is taken as experimental material to extract galanthamine by using methods including Soxhlet extraction, diluted acid solution, ultrasonic-assisted extraction, microwave-assisted extraction, and supercritical fluid extraction, with each method being optimized. The paper also makes a comparison of effects of various optimized extraction methods and the difference of galanthamine content in the aurea from different origins. The paper analyzes the galanthamine content in the varieties of lycoris plants. The dissection of the aurea is carried out for further observation, and histochemistry location is conducted to observe the galanthamine contained in the scale leaf of the aurea. In this paper, fluorescence microscope technology is adopted to observe the sliced roots, scale leaf and lamina of the aurea, and Laser Scanning Confocal Microscope (LSCM) is adopted to observe the sliced bulblet, callus and regenerated roots obtained using tissue culture, in addition to the location of galanthamine for further observation.The main results are as follows:The extraction methods were compared: the Optimal method was Soxhlet extraction, the next methods was Ultrasonic-Assisted extractuion and Microwave-Assisted extraction, The least effective method was the Diluted acid.The galanthamine content in the root, stem and leaf were analysed, and the results showed the content in the root > stem >leaf. The galanthamine content which from different geographical provenances were compared: the hightest in aurea was from Hubei, the lowest was from Anhui Jinzhai. The content of different varieties were compared too: the hightest was L.chinensis Traub, the next was the L.radiata(L'her)Herb, the lowest was aruea.2. The composition of aurea extraction was analysed by GC-MS. 8 Compounds were Identified by Xcalibur chemical workstation, Nist standard MS Gallery and helped with artificial search, the data obtained by HPLC for different provenaces were analyzed.3. Vegetative organ of aurea were observed of by microscopy; the Slice of aurea were observed by Frode regent, the distribution of galanthamine in the tissue of Golden lycoris were localized: 340-360nm as the excitation,430-500 as the emission light, the distribution of galanthamine were observed Using fluorescence microscopy. The location fo galanthamine were studied by LSCM.4. An attempt to culture in vitro of Golden lycoris was conducted. Using of confocal laser technology, the content of galantamine was qualitative. The result proved that vitro technology for the production of raw materials for extracting galantamine was feasible.This paper addresses the feasibility of extraction and location of galanthamine in lycoris plants as well as the extraction of galanthamine from isolated culture products, and the results may provide basis and reference for the research on the use of lycoris plants resources. |
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