Study On Landscape Evolution Of Urban Public Space

With the development of economic globalization and new media, more and more cities are facing with the problems of convergences on urban public spaces, loss of landscapes characteristics, landscapes out of fashion, defficiency of funds and so on. As an important way to show the city itself, urban public-spaces not only supply an entertainment place for people, but also it is an important carrier to show urban characteristics. Public-spaces landscapes with cultural characteristics could be of great significance in the formation process of urban culture.The soul of the landscapes lies in the contents of the culture. Thus, the establishment of urban public spaces relies on the study on the culture. It is hard to study precisely culture from certain aspects at certain time for its dynamic devlopment process. Study on landscapes planning in urban public spaces involves in series of complicated subjects and systematic contents, such as urban planning science, planning and designing science on landscapes, urban cultural science, sociology and so on. For a long time, to seek for a suitable way on the research of urban cultural characteristics and urban public spaces is of great difficulties. It might be the key to know the loss reasons of urban landscapes characteristics and the methods to solve it.Cultural ecology supplies a new way for us to know the urban public spaces landscapes and urban culture. Only through it could we deeply understand the soul of the city and people living in it, and the necessity of urban public spaces as well.According to different functions, urban public spaces could be divided into several parts as urban parks, urban streets, urban squares, pedestrain streets for shopping and waterways. They are the windows to the outside, the main ways to reveal the urban cultures, and the places residents and travellers facing most frequently. Their development process is most representative in urban landscapes in future. Thus, research on it is of great necessity.Tianjin city and NanNing city were selected as two research objects in the paper. Tianjin city lies to the southeast of BeiJing city, for its unique location with complicated historical culture, many army forces were interested in it since years ago. As the colony of nine foreign countries in the opium war, communications on culture were significant. For their unique development history in geography, cultural environment and urban culture, they would supply us the special characteristics and great values in the development process of urban public spaces landscapes.This thesis avoided the defficiencies of traditional limitations by the topics. Cultural ecology theory was adopted to indicate the evolution process on urban culture and public spaces landscapes in Tianjin city and NanNing city originally. It could show us the development process of urban public spaces landscapes from series of documents. As the core of this research, effect on public spaces landscapes caused by urban culture could be indicated from all aspects as well to guide the future development trend precisely.Based on systematic research, following results were achieved:1) In the study, "public spaces and cultural ecosystem" was established as well as theoretical models on urban cultural ecosystem firstly with the theories of "urban landscapes on public spaces", "urban culture" and "people" based on the theory of ecology.2) By using historical investigation method with plenty of historical and urban documents of Tianjin city and NanNing city, urban yearbooks, development strategies and planning documents in bureaus, the develpoment process on urban landscapes were achieved.3) With systemic combination method, check out the persuasive documents on historical development process from series of documents and main elements on landscapes constitution, such as architectures, water bodies, terrains, plants, society, culture, economy, techniques, ecology and so on, rebuild the develpoment process on urban landscapes in public spaces.4) Discuss the related historical documents systemically by theoretical analysing method. Urban cultural and public-spaces landscapes characteristics and evolution process in Tianjin city and NanNing city were mentioned from aspects of public spaces, cultural characteristics and landscapes evolution process. Landscapes styles, fromation process and reasons of functional characteristics were suggested. Also, problems were studied on urban public spaces landscapes in Tianjin city and NanNing city. Urban cultural characteristics and improving strategies were concluded to assess the development trend on public spaces landscapes and urban cultural characteristics. They were all representative and persuasive and consistent with the history.5) According to the historical development process, comapre the development succession process on urban landscapes in public spaces in two cities, common aspects and different aspects, and problems existed in the development of urban landscapes in public spaces were concluded. Then predict the development trend and characteristics on landscapes culture, introduce the strategy and devices to improve them.6) Lastly, take parks landscapes planning in Tianjin city and NanNing city as examples, apply related theory into application, and give certain suggestions on reconstruction of urban landscapes in public spaces, especially on aspects of local cultures and traditional cultures, to guide further research.