Studies On The Introduction And Biology Of Ornamental Clematis

Clematis distribute all over the world, about 300 species, the distribution center issubtropical areas of China. For the beautiful showy and colorful blossoms, Clematis is avaluable ornamental plant and popular in gardening. In our study, Clematis were introduced,cultivated,rapid propagation and the somatic embryogenesis of Clematis 'Multi-Blue' induced.The conclusions are as follows:1. Biological and ecological characteristics of 15 at accessions at growth stage of germinationand emergence, flower formation, beginning of flowering, blossom time, average flowerdiameter and average quantity of flowers. The influence of environmental factors at plant andflowering were discussed. Cultivation and propagation techniques were also summarized.2. Tissue culture and rooting experiment were done on Clematis 'Multi-Blue'. Theregeneration system of tissue culture of Clematis "Multi-Blue" was established, 1/2MS wasmore effective than the other basic medium in the whole experiment. The best medium ofproliferation was 1/2MS+ 1mg.L^-16-BA+0.1mg.L^-1NAA+3%Sucrose+1%Gelatin; pH5.8,subculture interval was 4 weeks, after 4 weeks, multiplication rate was up to 4.3. The buds about1.2cm long were planted into root-induced medium 1/2MS+ 0.3mg.L^-1IBA, after 10 days,rooting was started. In the process of rooting, the treatment of IBA(1 mg.L^-1) was effective,rooting rate was up to 100% after 40 days. The internal hormone, e.g. IAA,ZR,GA_1/3 andABA, changed remarkably during adventitious root formation, the 4 kinds of internal hormoneare much higher in leaves than that in the basal part of the cuttings.3. Shoots apex were cultured as explants to induce embryogenesis. Some factors had beentested about their effects on somatic embryogenesis in this research, such as basal medium,hormone, culture condition, etc. The result showed that 1/2MS+0.4 mg.L^-1TDZ+0.05mg.L^-1NAA+200 mg.L^-1CH was the best medium for somatic embryogenesis and proliferation,and 1/2MS+0.2 mg.L^-16-BA+0.05 mg.L^-1IBA was the best medium for sprout.4. Histological study on the origin and development of somatic embryos, it was found thatsomatic embryos were mostly developed from single embryonic cells that possessed the abilityof embryo occurrence from the surface of the callus. Planflet regenerations were developedfrom global embryo, heart-shaped embryo, torpedo-shaped embryo and cotyledon embryo. Bymeans of transmission scanning electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopytechnique, it was found that the structure of embryonic cells were regular and organelle werecomparatively abundant. At the same time, we found that embryonic cells metabolism werevigorous by studying the difference between embryonic callus and nonembryonic callus.ATPase activity was observed on the membrane system of the embryonic cells.