Monitoring And IPM Technologies Of Seabuckthorn Carpenterworm, Holcocerus Hippophaecolus (Lepidoptera: Cossidae)

The seabuckthorn is a kind of brush with great vitality. The seabuckthorn plantation in China covers more than ninety-percent of the world seabuckthorn resources .It is not only the valuable plant resource with medicine and food for dual purpose,it plays a very important role in guarding against soil erosion and improving the ecological environment.However, because of the big outbreak of Holcocerus hippophaecolus in recent years, a lot of seabuckthorns are declined or died away in some areas, such as Liaoning, Inner Mongolia, Shaanxi, Shanxi and so on. The disaster reduced the ecological economic values of seabuckthorn greatly and gave a serious loss to local forestry production. In Jianping county, Liaoning province, there are the largest artificial seabuckthorn forests in the world, which have suffered the destructive impact from H. hippophaecolus. Therefore, it is the urgent affairs that to do research on biology and ecology of H. hippophaecolus, and to develop its integrated management tecnoloties.The results of the research are as follows:(1)Several biological and ecological studies on H. hippophaecolus related to the sex attraction were carried out. The results showed that the peak period of the adult emergence is in late July. 90% of eclosions emerge from 15:00 to 18:00 daily. The lifespan of female adults is from 5 to 8 days, while the males is from 3 to 5 days. The female calling showed distinct circadian rhythms. 94.2% of males are trapped from 20:00 to 00:00 daily. One-day–old virgin female moths play strongest attracivity to male moths.The delta-traps with the extraction of the female sexual glands can catch the males. The delta trap is one of suitable traps for the moth. It is proved that the pheromones from female moths can strongly attract male moths, but mated females don't have this ability any more.(2) The larvae of H. hippophaecolus was raised indoors and its life habit was observed with different artifical diet including diet A (containing water, maize powder, bean powder et al., diet B (containing water, leaven, Vitamin-C et al.), and diet C (containing bean powder, seabukthorn powder, cane sugar et al.). The result shows that the weight of the larvae feeding on feedstuff A and C can maintain increasing, and average weight increment of larvae feeding on A increases by 60% than that on C in early period of rearing. The pupation and emergence rate feeding on A is 83.3% and 30% respectively, 66.7% and 16.7% feeding on C. If mature larvae pupae in arenaceous soil, the success rate of breeding would be greatly improved.