Characteristics Of Nano-Subnanocomposites And Response Of Soil And Plant Nutrition To Them

Low utilization efficiency of fertilizers, desertification of soils and degeneration of soil physicochemical characteristics were some critical agricultural problems needed to be solved imminently in China, which would restrict the agricultural production efficiency and affect the eco-environmental health. The development and application of Nano-functional materials and Nano-structural materials made it possible to solve these above agricultural problems in that the study of soils and fertilizers could use the achievements and techniques of the nanometer material science as reference, and utilize available resources and research achievements to actualize a new breakthrough progress in the soil and fertilizer science. The clay minerals and abandoned foam plastics were available in abundance in China, and could be used to make Nanocomposites through one original intercalation and liquid sedimentation technique. The preparation and testing of agricultural nanocomposites and their application in soils and fertilizers were investigated systematically in this paper, and the main results and conclusions were as follows.1) Preparation and testing of nanomaterials.Two kinds of nanocomposites comprised montmorillonite and kaoline were prepared via solution intercalation method, and several testing instruments including the scan electron-microscope(SEM), the transmission electron-microscope(TEM), the X-ray diffraction(XRD), the infrared ray spectrum(IR) and the laser granularity(LG), were used to measure the nanocomposites. The result was that organic matters had been intercalated with the layers of clays, and the montmorillonite and kaoline were exfoliated into nanometer size. The organic matter and clays had formed nanocomposites through hydrogen bond or chemical combination. Additionally, the plastic nanocomposites were prepared via emulsification, and were cut at high velocity methods, and the pictures of SEM showed that many pores and rugas ranged from 10nm to 20nm existed on the surface of film.The solution sedimentation method was used to prepared Nano-CaCO₃ and Nano-Fe₂O₃, and the results of SEM and GL indicated that there were 80 % of Nano-Fe₂O₃ particles in the scope of 40-50nm, and there were 80 % of Nano-CaCO₃ particles at 60nm size.2) Adsorption and desorption characteristics of nanocompositesThere were the similar characteristics in the adsorption and desorption of the clay and plastic nanocomposites to nitrogen, phosphorus, potash, organic carbon, and these were the increasing...